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完整教程：记录：vcpkg清单模式安装指定版本的curl和OpenSSL

news 2026/3/26 23:37:31

0.前言

Python的pip安装指定版本的包很方便：

pip install numpy==1.21.0
pip install "pandas>=1.3.0,<2.0.0"

但vcpkg是没法在install里直接指定版本的，vcpkg提供了从清单文件安装依赖项的功能

vcpkg安装库经常遇到下载问题，可以先上飞机

1.安装OpenSSL1.1.1g

准备vcpkg.json放到vcpkg.exe同级目录

{"name": "curl-openssl","version-semver": "1.0.0","dependencies": [{"name": "openssl","platform": "windows"}],"overrides": [{"name": "openssl","version-string": "1.1.1g","port-version": 1}],"builtin-baseline": "1914114b6028c6ebf1fa9f17facaf0828a02a3c6"
}

更新builtin-baseline到当前commit版本：

./vcpkg x-update-baseline --add-initial-baseline

执行安装命令：

./vcpkg install --triplet x86-windows

会报错：

在versions目录下找到openssl.json，git查看更新记录，往前找到第一次出现1.1.1g的commit，替换到baseline，再次执行install，新的错误：

vcpkg.json将openssl和openssl-windows都指定版本：

{"name": "curl-openssl","version-semver": "1.0.0","dependencies": [{"name": "openssl","platform": "windows"},{"name": "openssl-windows","platform": "windows"}],"overrides": [{"name": "openssl","version-string": "1.1.1g","port-version": 1},{"name": "openssl-windows","version-string": "1.1.1g","port-version": 0}],"builtin-baseline": "68a74950d0400f5a803026d0860f49853984bf11"
}

提示安装成功：

list命令查看安装结果：

把vcpkg.json中的dependencies库去掉，重新执行install就可以卸载掉没在清单中的库

测试发现后面新的OpenSSL版本，如1.1.1h和1.1.1n又不会提示循环依赖了，用1.1.1n在最新的baseline也可以安装

2.安装curl+OpenSSL1.1.1g

根据上面选择的baseline commit日期找到curl.json的提交记录，选择对应的curl版本，更新vcpkg.json配置：

{"name": "curl-openssl","version-semver": "1.0.0","dependencies": ["zlib",{"name": "openssl","platform": "windows"},{"name": "openssl-windows","platform": "windows"},{"name": "curl","features": ["openssl"],"platform": "windows"}],"overrides": [{"name": "openssl","version-string": "1.1.1g","port-version": 1},{"name": "openssl-windows","version-string": "1.1.1g","port-version": 0},{"name": "curl","version": "7.73.0","port-version": 0}],"builtin-baseline": "68a74950d0400f5a803026d0860f49853984bf11"
}

执行安装命令：

./vcpkg install --triplet x86-windows

查看安装结果：

一般zlib静态链接，避免和其他的库冲突，在triplets目录找到x86-windows.cmake，复制粘贴改个自定义的名字，指定zlib静态链接，同时还能指定工具链版本，如VS2019即v142：

set(VCPKG_TARGET_ARCHITECTURE x86)
set(VCPKG_PLATFORM_TOOLSET v142)
set(VCPKG_CRT_LINKAGE dynamic)
set(VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE dynamic)
if(PORT STREQUAL "zlib")set(VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE static)
endif()

在install时使用我们自己写的的triplet：

./vcpkg install --triplet x86-windows-curl

安装结束在生成目录可以看到zlib.dll没有了：

导出我们的库：

./vcpkg export --output-dir=./exports --raw

写一个Demo测试https访问是否正常：

static size_t WriteCallback(void* contents, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void* userp)
{size_t realSize = size * nmemb;std::string* buffer = static_cast(userp);buffer->append(static_cast(contents), realSize);return realSize;
}
void MainWindow::testCurl()
{curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT);do {CURL *curl = curl_easy_init();if (!curl) break;std::string url = "https://httpbin.org/post";std::string body = R"({"username":"gongjianbo","password":"123456789"})";std::string response;curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url.c_str());curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1L);curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, body.c_str());curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, body.size());struct curl_slist* headers = nullptr;headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded");curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);// 忽略证书验证curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0L);curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0L);curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, WriteCallback);curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &response);CURLcode res = curl_easy_perform(curl);if (res != CURLE_OK){qDebug() << "curl error: " << curl_easy_strerror(res);}else{ui->textEdit->append(QString::fromStdString(response));qDebug() << "Response:" << QString::fromStdString(response);}curl_slist_free_all(headers);curl_easy_cleanup(curl);} while(false);curl_global_cleanup();
}