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springboot框架对接物联网，配置TCP协议依赖，与设备通信，让TCP变的如此简单

news 2026/3/26 22:58:37

最近在使用 Spring Boot 对接物联网设备，需要通过 TCP 协议进行通信。调研过程中发现，如果使用 Netty 框架并集成到 Spring Boot 中，配置和维护相对较为复杂。综合考虑后，最终选择了 Spring Integration 提供的 TCP/UDP 模块来实现相关功能，整体集成更加简洁，也更符合 Spring 生态的使用习惯。
第一步：
引入依赖

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId><artifactId>spring-integration-ip</artifactId></dependency>

第二步：
提供两个tcp服务端类文件，这两个类文件大家按需选择即可。
第一个类文件：
单向接收tcp客户端数据：

package com.testweb.testweb.tcp.web;importlombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;importorg.springframework.integration.annotation.ServiceActivator;importorg.springframework.integration.channel.DirectChannel;importorg.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.TcpReceivingChannelAdapter;importorg.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.connection.AbstractServerConnectionFactory;importorg.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.connection.TcpNioServerConnectionFactory;importorg.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.serializer.ByteArrayCrLfSerializer;importorg.springframework.messaging.Message;importorg.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;importjava.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;@Slf4j @Configuration public class TcpServerConfig{@Value("${tcp.server.port:7788}")private int port;/** *1. TCP 连接工厂（服务端） */ @Bean public AbstractServerConnectionFactoryserverConnectionFactory(){TcpNioServerConnectionFactory factory=new TcpNioServerConnectionFactory(port);// 关键：拆包 / 粘包解决方案（行结束符） // 按换行符(\r\n 或\n)拆包，常用于文本协议 ByteArrayCrLfSerializer serializer=new ByteArrayCrLfSerializer();// 二进制协议示例：长度头 + 消息内容（常用于物联网） // ByteArrayLengthHeaderSerializer serializer=// new ByteArrayLengthHeaderSerializer();factory.setSerializer(serializer);factory.setDeserializer(serializer);factory.setUsingDirectBuffers(true);returnfactory;}/** *2. 接收同步通道 */ @Bean public MessageChanneltcpReceiveChannel(){returnnew DirectChannel();}/** *3. TCP 入站适配器（只接收） */ @Bean public TcpReceivingChannelAdapter tcpInboundAdapter(AbstractServerConnectionFactory factory, MessageChannel tcpReceiveChannel){TcpReceivingChannelAdapter adapter=new TcpReceivingChannelAdapter();adapter.setConnectionFactory(factory);adapter.setOutputChannel(tcpReceiveChannel);returnadapter;}/** *4. 业务处理器（单向接收，不能给客户端回复） */ @ServiceActivator(inputChannel="tcpReceiveChannel")public void handleMessage(Message<byte[]>message){String data=new String(message.getPayload(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);String connectionId=(String)message.getHeaders().get("ip_connectionId");log.info("收到 TCP 数据: {}", data);log.info("来自连接: {}", connectionId);// TODO 业务逻辑处理}}

第二个类文件：
双向类文件：接收客户端消息并回复

package com.testweb.testweb.tcp.web;importlombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;importorg.springframework.integration.annotation.ServiceActivator;importorg.springframework.integration.channel.DirectChannel;importorg.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.TcpReceivingChannelAdapter;importorg.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.TcpSendingMessageHandler;importorg.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.connection.AbstractServerConnectionFactory;importorg.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.connection.TcpNioServerConnectionFactory;importorg.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.serializer.ByteArrayCrLfSerializer;importorg.springframework.messaging.Message;importorg.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;importjava.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;@Slf4j @Configuration public class TcpServerReplyConfig{@Value("${tcp.server.reply.port:7799}")// 与单向服务端端口区分 private int port;// 回复通道 @Autowired @Qualifier("tcpReplySendChannel")private MessageChannel tcpReplySendChannel;/** *1. TCP 连接工厂（服务端） */ @Bean public AbstractServerConnectionFactoryreplyServerConnectionFactory(){TcpNioServerConnectionFactory factory=new TcpNioServerConnectionFactory(port);// 关键：拆包 / 粘包解决方案 // 使用换行符拆包（文本协议）或长度头（物联网二进制协议） ByteArrayCrLfSerializer serializer=new ByteArrayCrLfSerializer();// ByteArrayLengthHeaderSerializer serializer=// new ByteArrayLengthHeaderSerializer();factory.setSerializer(serializer);factory.setDeserializer(serializer);factory.setUsingDirectBuffers(true);returnfactory;}/** *2. 接收通道 */ @Bean public MessageChanneltcpReplyReceiveChannel(){returnnew DirectChannel();}/** *3. TCP 入站适配器（接收客户端消息） */ @Bean public TcpReceivingChannelAdapter tcpReplyInboundAdapter(AbstractServerConnectionFactory replyServerConnectionFactory, MessageChannel tcpReplyReceiveChannel){TcpReceivingChannelAdapter adapter=new TcpReceivingChannelAdapter();adapter.setConnectionFactory(replyServerConnectionFactory);adapter.setOutputChannel(tcpReplyReceiveChannel);returnadapter;}/** *4. TCP 出站通道（用于回复客户端） */ @Bean("tcpReplySendChannel")public MessageChanneltcpReplySendChannel(){returnnew DirectChannel();}/** *5. 出站适配器（发送回复） */ @Bean @ServiceActivator(inputChannel="tcpReplySendChannel")public TcpSendingMessageHandler tcpReplySender(AbstractServerConnectionFactory replyServerConnectionFactory){TcpSendingMessageHandler sender=new TcpSendingMessageHandler();sender.setConnectionFactory(replyServerConnectionFactory);returnsender;}/** *6. 业务处理器：接收客户端消息并回复 */ @ServiceActivator(inputChannel="tcpReplyReceiveChannel")public void handleReplyMessage(Message<byte[]>message){String data=new String(message.getPayload(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);String connectionId=(String)message.getHeaders().get("ip_connectionId");log.info("收到客户端消息: {}", data);log.info("来自连接: {}", connectionId);// 业务逻辑处理完后发送回复 String reply="服务端已经收到消息，现在给客户端回复: "+ data;tcpReplySendChannel.send(org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder .withPayload(reply.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)).setHeader("ip_connectionId", connectionId).build());}}