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news 2026/3/27 0:19:09

实验二译码器和编码器

2-4译码器

.

├── constr
│ └── top.nxdc
├── csrc
│ └── test_our.cpp
├── Makefile
├── vsrc
│ └── top.v
├── top.v
├── vlt_dump.vcd
├── test_our.cpp
├── obj_dir
└── dump.vcd

├── constr

└── top.nxdc

top=topy (LD3, LD2, LD1, LD0)
x (SW1, SW0)en (SW2)

├── csrc

└── test_our.cpp

#include<nvboard.h>
#include<Vtop.h>static TOP_NAME dut;void nvboard_bind_all_pins(TOP_NAME* top);static void single_cycle(){dut.eval();
}int main(){nvboard_bind_all_pins(&dut);nvboard_init();while(1){nvboard_update();single_cycle();}}

├── test_our.cpp

#include "verilated.h"
#include "verilated_vcd_c.h"
#include "obj_dir/Vtop.h"VerilatedContext* contextp = NULL;
VerilatedVcdC* tfp = NULL;static Vtop* top;void step_and_dump_wave(){top->eval();contextp->timeInc(1);tfp->dump(contextp->time());
}
void sim_init(){contextp = new VerilatedContext;tfp = new VerilatedVcdC;top = new Vtop;contextp->traceEverOn(true);top->trace(tfp, 0);tfp->open("dump.vcd");
}void sim_exit(){step_and_dump_wave();tfp->close();
}int main() {sim_init();top->en = 0b0;  top->x = 0b00;  step_and_dump_wave();top->x = 0b01;  step_and_dump_wave();top->x = 0b10;  step_and_dump_wave();top->x = 0b11;  step_and_dump_wave();top->en = 0b1;  top->x = 0b00;  step_and_dump_wave();top->x = 0b01;  step_and_dump_wave();top->x = 0b10;  step_and_dump_wave();top->x = 0b11;  step_and_dump_wave();sim_exit();
}

├── vsrc

└── top.v

module top(x,en,y);input  [1:0] x;input  en;output reg [3:0]y;always @(x or en)if (en)begincase (x)2'd0 : y = 4'b0001;2'd1 : y = 4'b0010;2'd2 : y = 4'b0100;2'd3 : y = 4'b1000;endcaseendelse  y = 4'b0000;endmodule

├── top.v

module top(x,en,y);input  [1:0] x;input  en;output reg [3:0]y;always @(x or en)if (en)begincase (x)2'd0 : y = 4'b0001;2'd1 : y = 4'b0010;2'd2 : y = 4'b0100;2'd3 : y = 4'b1000;endcaseendelse  y = 4'b0000;endmodule

波形仿真

（1）编译
verilator -Wall --trace -cc top.v --exe main.cpp
（2）生成可执行文件make -C obj_dir -f Vtop.mk Vtop
（3）生成波形
./obj_dir/Vtop
（4）查看波形
gtkwave dump.vcd

接入NVBoard

make
cd build
./top

4-2编码器

.

├── constr

└── top.nxdc

top=topy (LD1, LD0)
x (SW3, SW2, SW1, SW0)en (SW4)

├── csrc

└── test_our.cpp

#include<nvboard.h>
#include<Vtop.h>static TOP_NAME dut;void nvboard_bind_all_pins(TOP_NAME* top);static void single_cycle(){dut.eval();
}int main(){nvboard_bind_all_pins(&dut);nvboard_init();while(1){nvboard_update();single_cycle();}}

├── test_our.cpp

#include "verilated.h"
#include "verilated_vcd_c.h"
#include "obj_dir/Vtop.h"VerilatedContext* contextp = NULL;
VerilatedVcdC* tfp = NULL;static Vtop* top;void step_and_dump_wave(){top->eval();contextp->timeInc(1);tfp->dump(contextp->time());
}
void sim_init(){contextp = new VerilatedContext;tfp = new VerilatedVcdC;top = new Vtop;contextp->traceEverOn(true);top->trace(tfp, 0);tfp->open("dump.vcd");
}void sim_exit(){step_and_dump_wave();tfp->close();
}int main() {sim_init();top->en=0b0; top->x =0b0000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0001; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0010; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0100; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b1000; step_and_dump_wave();top->en=0b1; top->x =0b0000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0001; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0010; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0100; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b1000; step_and_dump_wave();sim_exit();
}

├── vsrc

└── top.v

module top(x,en,y);input  [3:0] x;input  en;output reg [1:0]y;always @(x or en)if (en)begincase (x)4'b0001 : y = 2'd0;4'b0010 : y = 2'd1;4'b0100 : y = 2'd2;4'b1000 : y = 2'd3;default : y = 2'd0;endcaseendelse  y = 2'd0;endmodule

├── top.v

module top(x,en,y);input  [3:0] x;input  en;output reg [1:0]y;always @(x or en)if (en)begincase (x)4'b0001 : y = 2'd0;4'b0010 : y = 2'd1;4'b0100 : y = 2'd2;4'b1000 : y = 2'd3;default : y = 2'd0;endcaseendelse  y = 2'd0;endmodule

波形仿真

（1）编译
verilator -Wall --trace -cc top.v --exe main.cpp
（2）生成可执行文件make -C obj_dir -f Vtop.mk Vtop
（3）生成波形
./obj_dir/Vtop
（4）查看波形
gtkwave dump.vcd

接入NVBoard

make
cd build
./top

4-2优先编码器

.

├── constr

└── top.nxdc

top=topy (LD1, LD0)
x (SW3, SW2, SW1, SW0)en (SW4)

├── csrc

└── test_our.cpp

#include<nvboard.h>
#include<Vtop.h>static TOP_NAME dut;void nvboard_bind_all_pins(TOP_NAME* top);static void single_cycle(){dut.eval();
}int main(){nvboard_bind_all_pins(&dut);nvboard_init();while(1){nvboard_update();single_cycle();}}

├── test_our.cpp

#include "verilated.h"
#include "verilated_vcd_c.h"
#include "obj_dir/Vtop.h"VerilatedContext* contextp = NULL;
VerilatedVcdC* tfp = NULL;static Vtop* top;void step_and_dump_wave(){top->eval();contextp->timeInc(1);tfp->dump(contextp->time());
}
void sim_init(){contextp = new VerilatedContext;tfp = new VerilatedVcdC;top = new Vtop;contextp->traceEverOn(true);top->trace(tfp, 0);tfp->open("dump.vcd");
}void sim_exit(){step_and_dump_wave();tfp->close();
}int main() {sim_init();top->en=0b0; top->x =0b0000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0011; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0110; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0100; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b1000; step_and_dump_wave();top->en=0b1; top->x =0b0000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0011; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0110; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b0100; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b1000; step_and_dump_wave();sim_exit();
}

├── vsrc

└── top.v

module top(x,en,y);input  [3:0] x;input  en;output reg [1:0]y;integer i;always @(x or en) beginif (en)beginy = 0;for( i = 0; i <= 3; i = i+1)if(x[i] == 1) y = i[1:0];endelse  y = 0;end
endmodule

├── top.v

module top(x,en,y);input  [3:0] x;input  en;output reg [1:0]y;integer i;always @(x or en) beginif (en)beginy = 0;for( i = 0; i <= 3; i = i+1)if(x[i] == 1) y = i[1:0];endelse  y = 0;end
endmodule

波形仿真

（1）编译
verilator -Wall --trace -cc top.v --exe main.cpp
（2）生成可执行文件make -C obj_dir -f Vtop.mk Vtop
（3）生成波形
./obj_dir/Vtop
（4）查看波形
gtkwave dump.vcd

接入NVBoard

make
cd build
./top

8-3优先编码器

.

├── constr

└── top.nxdc

top=topy (LD2, LD1, LD0)
valid (LD4)
x (SW7, SW6, SW5, SW4, SW3, SW2, SW1, SW0)
seg0 (SEG0A, SEG0B, SEG0C, SEG0D, SEG0E, SEG0F, SEG0G, DEC0P)
en (SW8)

├── csrc

└── test_our.cpp

#include<nvboard.h>
#include<Vtop.h>static TOP_NAME dut;void nvboard_bind_all_pins(TOP_NAME* top);static void single_cycle(){dut.eval();
}int main(){nvboard_bind_all_pins(&dut);nvboard_init();while(1){nvboard_update();single_cycle();}}

├── test_our.cpp

#include "verilated.h"
#include "verilated_vcd_c.h"
#include "obj_dir/Vtop.h"VerilatedContext* contextp = NULL;
VerilatedVcdC* tfp = NULL;static Vtop* top;void step_and_dump_wave(){top->eval();contextp->timeInc(1);tfp->dump(contextp->time());
}
void sim_init(){contextp = new VerilatedContext;tfp = new VerilatedVcdC;top = new Vtop;contextp->traceEverOn(true);top->trace(tfp, 0);tfp->open("dump.vcd");
}void sim_exit(){step_and_dump_wave();tfp->close();
}int main() {sim_init();top->en=0b0; top->x =0b00000000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00000011; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00000110; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00000100; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00001000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00010000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00100000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b01000000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b10000000; step_and_dump_wave();top->en=0b1; top->x =0b00000000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00000011; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00000110; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00000100; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00001000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00010000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b00100000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b01000000; step_and_dump_wave();top->x =0b10000000; step_and_dump_wave();sim_exit();
}

├── vsrc

└── top.v

module top (input [7:0] x,      // 8位输入input en,           // 使能端output [2:0] y,     // 3位编码输出output valid,       // 有效指示位output [7:0] seg0    // 七段数码管输出
);// 实例化优先编码器priority_encoder_8to3 encoder (.x(x),.en(en),.y(y),.valid(valid));// 实例化七段译码器seg7_decoder decoder (.bin_in(y),.seg0(seg0));
endmodulemodule priority_encoder_8to3 (input [7:0] x,      // 8位输入input en,           // 使能端output reg [2:0] y, // 3位编码输出output valid        // 有效指示位（至少有一个输入为1）
);always @(x or en) beginif (en) begincasez (x)8'b1???????: y = 3'b111; // 最高位优先8'b01??????: y = 3'b110;8'b001?????: y = 3'b101;8'b0001????: y = 3'b100;8'b00001???: y = 3'b011;8'b000001??: y = 3'b010;8'b0000001?: y = 3'b001;8'b00000001: y = 3'b000;default:    y = 3'b000; // 全0情况endcaseendelse beginy = 3'b000; // 使能无效时输出0endendassign valid = en && (|x); // 使能且至少有一个1时有效
endmodule

└── seg.v

module seg7_decoder (input [2:0] bin_in,    // 3位二进制输入output [7:0] seg0   // 七段数码管输出（共阳）
);reg [7:0] seg;always @(bin_in) begincase (bin_in)3'b000: seg = 8'b11111101; // 03'b001: seg = 8'b01100000; // 13'b010: seg = 8'b11011010; // 23'b011: seg = 8'b11110010; // 33'b100: seg = 8'b01100110; // 43'b101: seg = 8'b10110110; // 53'b110: seg = 8'b10111110; // 63'b111: seg = 8'b11100000; // 7default: seg = 8'b11111111; // 全灭endcaseendassign seg0 = ~seg;
endmodule

波形仿真

（1）编译
verilator -Wall --trace -cc top.v --exe main.cpp
（2）生成可执行文件make -C obj_dir -f Vtop.mk Vtop
（3）生成波形
./obj_dir/Vtop
（4）查看波形
gtkwave dump.vcd

接入NVBoard

make
cd build
./top

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实验二 译码器和编码器

2-4译码器

.

├── constr

├── csrc

├── test_our.cpp

├── vsrc

├── top.v

波形仿真

接入NVBoard

4-2编码器

.

├── constr

├── csrc

├── test_our.cpp

├── vsrc

├── top.v

波形仿真

接入NVBoard

4-2优先编码器

.

├── constr

├── csrc

├── test_our.cpp

├── vsrc

├── top.v

波形仿真

接入NVBoard

8-3优先编码器

.

├── constr

├── csrc

├── test_our.cpp

├── vsrc

└── seg.v

波形仿真

接入NVBoard

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实验二译码器和编码器