flink的Standalone-HA模式安装
Standalone-HA模式安装概述
Flink的Standalone-HA（高可用）模式通过ZooKeeper实现JobManager的故障转移，避免单点故障。以下为详细安装步骤。
环境准备
- 确保已安装JDK 8/11并配置
JAVA_HOME环境变量。 - 下载Flink二进制包（如
flink-1.17.1-bin-scala_2.12.tgz）。 - 准备至少3台节点（1个Master，2个Worker或更多），所有节点需配置SSH免密登录。
安装ZooKeeper
- 在至少3台节点上部署ZooKeeper集群（推荐奇数台）。
- 配置
zoo.cfg文件，示例内容：tickTime=2000 initLimit=10 syncLimit=5 dataDir=/data/zookeeper clientPort=2181 server.1=zk-node1:2888:3888 server.2=zk-node2:2888:3888 server.3=zk-node3:2888:3888 - 在每台节点的
dataDir目录下创建myid文件，内容对应server.x中的编号（如1、2、3）。
配置Flink Standalone-HA
- 解压Flink包至所有节点相同路径（如
/opt/flink）。 - 修改
conf/flink-conf.yaml：high-availability: zookeeper high-availability.storageDir: hdfs://namenode:8020/flink/ha high-availability.zookeeper.quorum: zk-node1:2181,zk-node2:2181,zk-node3:2181 high-availability.zookeeper.path.root: /flink high-availability.cluster-id: /default-clusterhigh-availability.storageDir需配置为HDFS或共享存储路径。
- 修改
conf/masters文件，指定多个JobManager节点：master-node1:8081 master-node2:8081 - 修改
conf/workers文件，添加所有TaskManager节点：worker-node1 worker-node2 worker-node3
启动集群
- 在ZooKeeper集群启动后，执行以下命令启动Flink HA集群：
# 在Flink主目录执行 ./bin/start-cluster.sh - 验证JobManager状态：
# 查看Web UI（默认8081端口） curl http://master-node1:8081 # 或通过ZooKeeper检查注册节点 zkCli.sh -server zk-node1:2181 ls /flink/default-cluster/leader/rest_server
故障转移测试
- 手动停止主JobManager（如
master-node1）：./bin/jobmanager.sh stop - 观察备用JobManager（
master-node2）是否自动接管任务，Web UI应切换到新主节点。
注意事项
- 确保所有节点时间同步（NTP服务）。
- HA模式下建议配置HDFS作为
high-availability.storageDir，避免本地存储单点故障。 - 防火墙需开放端口：JobManager（8081）、TaskManager（数据传输端口）、ZooKeeper（2181, 2888, 3888）。
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