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Three.js 海面教程

news 2026/7/7 10:34:48

海面 ·Ocean Shader· ▶ 在线运行案例

案例合集：三维可视化功能案例（threehub.cn）
开源仓库github地址：https://github.com/z2586300277/three-cesium-examples
400个案例代码:网盘链接

你将学到什么

官方Water对象（examples/jsm/objects/Water.js）
waterNormals法线贴图 +RepeatWrapping
uniforms.time驱动波浪
lil-gui 调waterColor / sunColor / sunDirection

效果说明

万级平面海面荡漾，天空盒反射；GLTF 挖掘机模型设envMap与环境一致；GUI 实时改水体与太阳参数。

核心概念

import { Water } from 'three/examples/jsm/objects/Water.js';const water = new Water(waterGeometry, { textureWidth: 512, textureHeight: 512, waterNormals: new THREE.TextureLoader().load('waternormals.jpg', t => { t.wrapS = t.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping; }), sunDirection: new THREE.Vector3(), sunColor: 0xffffff, waterColor: 0x001e0f, distortionScale: 3.7, fog: scene.fog !== undefined, }); water.rotation.x = -Math.PI / 2;

动画

water.material.uniforms['time'].value += 1.0 / 60.0;

每帧递增time，Water 内部 shader 算法线偏移与反射。

GUI

gui.addColor(water.material.uniforms['waterColor'], 'value');gui.add(water.material.uniforms['sunDirection'].value, 'x', -1, 1);

实现步骤

PlaneGeometry 10000×10000 创建 Water
CubeTexture 天空盒 → background + 模型 envMap
GLTFLoader 加载场景模型
animate 更新 time + controls + render

代码要点

import * as THREE from 'three'import { OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js' import { Water } from 'three/examples/jsm/objects/Water.js'; import { GUI } from 'three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js' import { GLTFLoader } from 'three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js'
const box = document.getElementById('box')
const scene = new THREE.Scene()
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(50, box.clientWidth / box.clientHeight, 0.1, 1000000)
camera.position.set(6, 3, 15)
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true, alpha: true, logarithmicDepthBuffer: true })
renderer.setSize(box.clientWidth, box.clientHeight)
box.appendChild(renderer.domElement)
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)
controls.enableDamping = true
const waterGeometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(10000, 10000);
const water = new Water( waterGeometry, { textureWidth: 512, textureHeight: 512, waterNormals: new THREE.TextureLoader().load( FILE_HOST + '/images/texture/waternormals.jpg', function (texture) { texture.wrapS = texture.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
}), sunDirection: new THREE.Vector3(), sunColor: 0xffffff, waterColor: 0x001e0f, distortionScale: 3.7, fog: scene.fog !== undefined } );
water.rotation.x = - Math.PI / 2;
scene.add(water);
// 文件地址 const urls = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5].map(k => (FILE_HOST + 'files/sky/skyBox0/' + (k + 1) + '.png'));
const textureCube = new THREE.CubeTextureLoader().load(urls);
scene.background = textureCube;
new GLTFLoader().load('https://z2586300277.github.io/3d-file-server/models/glb/wajueji.glb',
gltf => {
gltf.scene.traverse(child => {
if (child.isMesh) {
child.material.envMap = textureCube
}
})
scene.add(gltf.scene)
}
)
const gui = new GUI();
gui.addColor(water.material.uniforms['waterColor'], 'value').name('waterColor');
gui.addColor(water.material.uniforms['sunColor'], 'value').name('sunColor');
gui.add(water.material.uniforms['sunDirection'].value, 'x', - 1, 1).name('sunX');
animate()
function animate() {
water.material.uniforms['time'].value += 1.0 / 60.0;
requestAnimationFrame(animate)
controls.update()
renderer.render(scene, camera)
}
window.onresize = () => {
renderer.setSize(box.clientWidth, box.clientHeight)
camera.aspect = box.clientWidth / box.clientHeight
camera.updateProjectionMatrix()}