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重庆思庄技术分享-oracle数据库修改db_name

news 2026/8/14 2:59:32

1.创建pfile.ora文件

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora' from spfile;

2.关闭数据库后启动至mount状态

SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;

3.在命令行中输入nid命令进行修改，修改成功后数据库会自动关闭

nid target=/ DBNAME=<新名字>
例如：

[oracle@CJQYY dbs]$ nid target=/ DBNAME=webemrcs

DBNEWID: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Jul 24 23:28:21 2026

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Connected to database PTDB (DBID=1833283942)

Connected to server version 19.19.0

Control Files in database:
/data/webemrcs/control01.ctl
/data/webemrcs/control02.ctl

Change database ID and database name PTDB to WEBEMRCS? (Y/[N]) => Y

Proceeding with operation
Changing database ID from 1833283942 to 140534101
Changing database name from PTDB to WEBEMRCS
Control File /data/webemrcs/control01.ctl - modified
Control File /data/webemrcs/control02.ctl - modified
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/system.268.113823270 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/sysaux.261.113823273 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undotbs1.264.113823275 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/system.312.113823326 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/sysaux.311.113823326 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/users.267.113823275 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undotbs1.310.113823326 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undotbs2.308.113823347 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/system.302.113823839 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/sysaux.304.113823839 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undotbs1.303.113823839 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformbasic.300.113823863 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformbus.299.113823863 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformbushisdata.331.113823863 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformcontenthisdata.332.113823864 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/maaihisdata.333.113823864 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/meddocbase.334.113823865 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/meddocbus.335.113823865 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/meddocbushisdata.336.113823865 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/meddoccontenthisdata.337.113823866 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/med_i_doc.338.113823866 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/scoresbushisdata.340.113823867 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/scorescontenthisdata.341.113823867 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zlemrbushisdata.342.113823868 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zlemrcontenthisdata.343.113823868 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_basic_config.344.113823868 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_maai.345.113823869 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_qcrule.346.113823870 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_scores.347.113823871 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr.348.113823872 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/users.350.113823940 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/undo_2.351.113824333 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr02.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr03.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr04.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/zl_zlemr05.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/csformbus02.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/temp.309.113823328 - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/temp.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/temp02.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/tempb.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/webemrcs/datafile/temp_new.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /data/webemrcs/control01.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /data/webemrcs/control02.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
Instance shut down

Database name changed to WEBEMRCS.
Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting.
Database ID for database WEBEMRCS changed to 140534101.
All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable.
Database has been shutdown, open database with RESETLOGS option.
Succesfully changed database name and ID.
DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.

###按上面的提示，可以选择重建密码文件，也可以不重建（如果ORACLE_SID未变化的话），可以远程连接验证一下

4.修改pfile.ora中的db_name

5.以修改后的pfile.ora文件启动至nomount，然后创建新的spfile，然后以spfile启动至nomount

SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora';
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora';
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT

6.启动至mount，然后以resetlogs打开

SQL> alter database mount;
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

7.验证
SQL> show parameter name

-------------------------
备注：可以更方便，不创建pfile，

在nid转换后，直接：

STARTUP MOUNT;
ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_NAME=<新db_name> SCOPE=SPFILE;
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

重新启动并 RESETLOGS

STARTUP MOUNT;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

SHOW PARAMETER DB_NAME;
SELECT DBID, NAME FROM V$DATABASE;