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Vue 中使用 WebSocket

news 2026/5/11 22:24:01

在 Vue 中使用 WebSocket 核心是封装通用 WebSocket 工具类（保证复用性、统一管理连接状态），再在组件中调用，同时结合 Vue 生命周期管理连接的创建与销毁，避免内存泄漏和无效连接。以下是适配 Vue2的完整实现方案

方案一使用Mixin

mixin文件websocket-mixin.js

// src/mixins/aiWebsocketMixin.jsexportdefault{data(){return{ws:null,wsConnected:false,wsReconnectTimer:null,wsReconnectCount:0,wsMaxReconnectAttempts:5,wsReconnectInterval:3000,// 心跳（可选，若后端不支持 ping/pong，可注释掉相关代码）wsHeartbeatTimer:null,wsHeartbeatInterval:30000,// 30秒wsPongTimeoutId:null,wsPongTimeout:10000,}},methods:{/** * 初始化 WebSocket 连接（传入完整 URL） * @param {string} wsUrl - 完整的 WebSocket 地址，含查询参数 */initAiWebSocket(wsUrl){this.closeAiWebSocket()try{this.ws=newWebSocket(wsUrl)this.ws.onopen=()=>{console.log('AI WebSocket connected')this.wsConnected=truethis.wsReconnectCount=0this.$emit('ws-open')// this.startHeartbeat()}this.ws.onmessage=(event)=>{letdatatry{data=JSON.parse(event.data)}catch(e){console.warn('Non-JSON message:',event.data)return}// 如果后端支持 pong，可保留；否则可删除此判断if(data.type==='pong'){this.handlePong()return}// 透传业务消息this.$emit('ws-message',data)}this.ws.onclose=()=>{console.log('AI WebSocket disconnected')this.wsConnected=falsethis.$emit('ws-close')this.stopHeartbeat()this.scheduleReconnect(wsUrl)}this.ws.onerror=(error)=>{console.error('AI WebSocket error',error)this.$emit('ws-error',error)}}catch(err){console.error('Failed to create WebSocket',err)}},sendAiMessage(payload){if(this.ws?.readyState===WebSocket.OPEN){this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(payload))}else{console.warn('WebSocket not open. Message not sent:',payload)}},// —— 心跳（按需启用）——startHeartbeat(){this.stopHeartbeat()// 如果后端不支持 ping/pong，可注释掉 send 部分或整个定时器this.wsHeartbeatTimer=setInterval(()=>{if(this.ws?.readyState===WebSocket.OPEN){// 可选：发送心跳包// this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'ping' }))}},this.wsHeartbeatInterval)},handlePong(){if(this.wsPongTimeoutId){clearTimeout(this.wsPongTimeoutId)this.wsPongTimeoutId=null}},stopHeartbeat(){if(this.wsHeartbeatTimer){clearInterval(this.wsHeartbeatTimer)this.wsHeartbeatTimer=null}if(this.wsPongTimeoutId){clearTimeout(this.wsPongTimeoutId)this.wsPongTimeoutId=null}},// —— 重连 ——scheduleReconnect(wsUrl){if(this.wsReconnectCount<this.wsMaxReconnectAttempts){this.wsReconnectCount++console.log(`Reconnecting... (${this.wsReconnectCount}/${this.wsMaxReconnectAttempts})`)this.wsReconnectTimer=setTimeout(()=>{this.initAiWebSocket(wsUrl)},this.wsReconnectInterval)}},// —— 关闭 ——closeAiWebSocket(){this.stopHeartbeat()if(this.wsReconnectTimer){clearTimeout(this.wsReconnectTimer)this.wsReconnectTimer=null}if(this.ws){this.ws.close()this.ws=nullthis.wsConnected=false}}},beforeDestroy(){this.closeAiWebSocket()}}

使用

<template><div><button @click="handleSend">发送</button>{{message}}</div></template><script>importaiWebsocketMixinfrom'@/mixins/aiWebsocketMixin'exportdefault{name:'Websocket',mixins:[aiWebsocketMixin],data(){return{message:''}},mounted(){constwsUrl='ws://127.0.0.1:8000/chat'this.initAiWebSocket(wsUrl)},created(){this.$on('ws-message',this.handleMessage)},methods:{// —————— 发送消息 ——————handleSend(){constparams={message:'你好'}this.sendAiMessage(params)},// —————— 消息处理 ——————handleMessage(message){this.message=message},},beforeDestroy(){this.$off('ws-message',this.handleMessage)}}</script>