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Delphi XML解析速度大比拼

news 2026/5/11 6:30:10

最近闲来无事，想比较下在win系统中，MSXML、NativeXML和OXML三种组件解析XML的速度。

先说结果：

解析10万个，最深7层，每层最多5个结点的xml文件，在我电脑（U7 265K 16G内存）下，

| 解析器 | 用时（毫秒） | 相对速度 |
| --------- | ------ | -------- |
| OXml | 182 | 1.0x（基准） |
| MSXML | 411 | 约 2.26 倍 |
| NativeXml | 1203 | 约 6.61 倍 |

代码如下：
unit Main;

interface

uses
Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants,
System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics, Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs,
Vcl.StdCtrls, Xml.XMLDoc, Xml.XMLIntf, NativeXml, Vcl.ExtCtrls, Vcl.ComCtrls,
IOUtils,OXmlUtils,OXmlPDOM;

type
TForm10 = class(TForm)
BtnCreateXML: TButton;
BtnUseMSXML: TButton;
BtnUseNativeXml: TButton;
XMLmemo: TMemo;
Panel1: TPanel;
MsgMemo: TMemo;
progressBar: TProgressBar;
lblStatus: TLabel;
BtnUseOXML: TButton;
procedure BtnCreateXMLClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure BtnUseMSXMLClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure BtnUseNativeXmlClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure BtnUseOXMLClick(Sender: TObject);
private
function CreateXML(NodeCount: integer): boolean;
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
Form10: TForm10;
FilePath: string;

implementation
uses system.Diagnostics;

procedure TForm10.BtnCreateXMLClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
CreateXML(100000);
XMLmemo.Lines.LoadFromFile(FilePath,TEncoding.UTF8);
end;

procedure TForm10.BtnUseMSXMLClick(Sender: TObject);
var
XMLDoc:xml.XMLDoc.TXMLDocument;
RootNode: IXMLNode;
i: Integer;
procedure GetChildNods(Node: IXMLNode);
var
Child: IXMLNode;
tt:string;
NodeValue: string;
begin
if Node.HasChildNodes then
begin
for var J := 0 to Node.ChildNodes.Count - 1 do
begin
Child := Node.ChildNodes[J];
tt:= VarToStr(Child.Attributes['ID']);
if Child.NodeType=xml.XMLIntf.ntText then
NodeValue :=Child.Text// VarToStr(Child.NodeValue);
else if Child.NodeType=xml.XMLIntf.ntElement then
begin
inc(i);
GetChildNods(Child);
end;
end;
end;
end;

begin
XMLDoc := xml.XMLDoc.TXMLDocument.Create(self);
var Stopwatch := TStopwatch.StartNew;
try
XMLDoc.LoadFromFile(FilePath);
XMLDoc.Active := True;
XMLDoc.Encoding:='GBK';
RootNode := XMLDoc.DocumentElement;
i := 0;
GetChildNods(RootNode);
Stopwatch.Stop;
finally
XMLDoc.Active := False;
XMLDoc.Free;
MsgMemo.Lines.Add('共读取了' + i.ToString + '个节点。');
MsgMemo.Lines.Add('用时' + Stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString);
end;
end;

procedure TForm10.BtnUseNativeXmlClick(Sender: TObject);
var
XML: TNativeXml;
RootNode: TsdElement;
i: Integer;

procedure GetChildNodes(Node: NativeXml.TXMLNode);
var
NodeValue: string;
Child: NativeXml.TXmlNode;
begin
for var J := 0 to Node.NodeCount - 1 do
begin
Child := Node.Nodes[J];
if Child.ElementType = xeCharData then
NodeValue := Child.Value
else
if Child.ElementType=xeElement then
begin
Inc(i);
GetChildNodes(Child);
end;
end;
end;

begin
XML := TNativeXml.Create(nil);
var Stopwatch := TStopwatch.StartNew;
try
i := 0;
XML.ExternalEncoding:=seAnsi;
XML.LoadFromFile(FilePath);
RootNode := XML.Root;
GetChildNodes(RootNode);
finally
XML.Free;
MsgMemo.Lines.Add('共读取了' + i.ToString + '个节点。');
MsgMemo.Lines.Add('用时' + Stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString);
end;
end;

procedure TForm10.BtnUseOXMLClick(Sender: TObject);
var
XML: IXMLDocument;
RootNode: PXmlNode;
i: Integer;

procedure GetChildNodes(Node: PXmlNode);
varNodeValue: string;Child: PXmlNode;
beginChild := Node.FirstChild;while Child <> nil dobegincase Child.NodeType ofntText, ntCData:NodeValue := Child.Text;  // 读取文本值ntElement:beginInc(i);GetChildNodes(Child);end;// 其他节点类型忽略end;Child := Child.NextSibling;end;
end;

begin
// 创建 XML 文档对象（使用接口自动释放）
XML := CreateXMLDoc;
var Stopwatch := TStopwatch.StartNew;
try
i := 0;
// OXml 加载文件，默认编码自动检测，如果需要 ANSI，可以设置，但 OXml 的 LoadFromFile 支持指定编码参数
// 这里我们简单使用 LoadFromFile，如果需要 ANSI 强制，可以传入 TEncoding.Default
XML.ReaderSettings.ErrorHandling := ehSilent;
if not XML.LoadFromFile(FilePath,TEncoding.UTF8) then
begin
MsgMemo.Lines.Add('加载 XML 文件失败。');
Exit;
end;

  RootNode := XML.DocumentElement;if RootNode = nil thenbeginMsgMemo.Lines.Add('没有根元素。');Exit;end;// 调用递归遍历（根节点本身不计入 i）GetChildNodes(RootNode);
finally// XML 是接口，自动释放，无需手动 FreeMsgMemo.Lines.Add('共读取了' + i.ToString + '个节点。');MsgMemo.Lines.Add('用时' + Stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString);
end;

end;

function TForm10.CreateXML(NodeCount: integer): boolean;
var
XMLDoc: xml.XMLDoc.TXMLDocument;
RootNode, DataNode, ItemNode: IXMLNode;
i: Integer;

function CreateChildNodes(Node: IXMLNode; Level: Integer): Boolean;
var
Child: IXMLNode;
CountOnLevel:Byte;
begin
if Level=1 then
CountOnLevel:=10
else CountOnLevel:=5;

for var j := 1 to CountOnLevel do
begininc(i);if i > NodeCount thenExit;Child := Node.AddChild('第' + Level.ToString + '层' + j.ToString + '项');Child.Attributes['ID'] := i;Child.Attributes['Name'] := 'Item_' + IntToStr(i);Child.Text := '测试文本' + IntToStr(i);// 每1000个节点更新一次进度，提升性能if i mod 1000 = 0 thenbeginprogressBar.Position := Round(i / NodeCount * 100);lblStatus.Caption := '正在生成XML文件...(' + IntToStr(i) + '/' + IntToStr(NodeCount) + ')';Application.ProcessMessages;end;if Level < 7 thenCreateChildNodes(Child, Level + 1);
end;

end;

begin
result := False;
progressBar.Position := 0;
if FileExists(FilePath) then
begin
try
DeleteFile(PChar(FilePath));
except
MsgMemo.Lines.Add('⚠ 提示：删除旧测试文件失败，将尝试覆盖');
end;
end;

try
XMLDoc := xml.XMLDoc.TXMLDocument.Create(Self);
try
XMLDoc.Active := True; // Delphi 12必须显式激活
XMLDoc.Options := [doNodeAutoIndent];
XMLDoc.Encoding := 'UTF-8';
XMLDoc.Version := '1.0';

  if not Assigned(XMLDoc.DocumentElement) thenbeginRootNode := XMLDoc.CreateNode('DataRoot');XMLDoc.DocumentElement := RootNode;endelsebeginRootNode := XMLDoc.DocumentElement;if RootNode.NodeName <> 'DataRoot' thenbeginRootNode := XMLDoc.CreateNode('DataRoot');XMLDoc.DocumentElement := RootNode;end;end;lblStatus.Caption := '正在生成XML文件...(0/' + IntToStr(NodeCount) + ')';Application.ProcessMessages;// 递归添加测试节点（优化性能）CreateChildNodes(RootNode, 1);// 强制更新最后进度progressBar.Position := 100;lblStatus.Caption := '正在保存XML文件...';Application.ProcessMessages;// 保存文件（使用UTF-8编码）XMLDoc.SaveToFile(FilePath);// 验证文件是否生成成功if FileExists(FilePath) thenbeginResult := True;lblStatus.Caption := 'XML文件生成完成: ' + FilePath;MsgMemo.Lines.Add('✓ 生成测试XML文件成功，包含 ' + IntToStr(NodeCount) + ' 个节点');MsgMemo.Lines.Add(' 文件路径: ' + FilePath);MsgMemo.Lines.Add(' 文件大小: ' + FormatFloat('#,##0 KB', tfile.getsize(FilePath) / 1024));endelsebeginMsgMemo.Lines.Add('✗ 生成XML文件失败：文件未创建');end;
finallyXMLDoc.Active := False;XMLDoc.Free;
end;
Result := True;

except
on E: Exception do
begin
MsgMemo.Lines.Add('✗ 生成XML失败: ' + E.Message);
MsgMemo.Lines.Add(' 错误类型: ' + E.ClassName);
MsgMemo.Lines.Add(' 建议：检查临时目录权限 - ' + TPath.GetTempPath);
end;
end;
end;

initialization
FilePath := TPath.Combine(TPath.GetAppPath, '测试XML.xml');

finalization

end.

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