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PowerShell 批量下载 SharePoint Online 文档

news 2026/3/27 0:54:51

　　前言

　　最近接到一个活，批量下载文档，可能有人说，为什么不用OOB的功能，因为太多了，还有多种条件筛选

　　正文

　　1.先分享PowerShell 命令，如下图：

<#
.SYNOPSIS
PowerShell 7专用 - 批量下载SharePoint Online文档库所有文档
.DESCRIPTION
保留原文件夹结构，支持过滤文件类型，适配MFA登录，兼容大文件下载
#># -------------------------- 可配置变量（按需修改） --------------------------
$siteUrl = "https://linyus.sharepoint.com/sites/Develop"  # SPO站点地址
$libraryName = "Shared Documents"                                     # 要下载的文档库名称（如"文档库"、"SiteAssets"）
$localSavePath = "C:\SPO_Downloads"                              # 本地保存根路径（自动创建）
$filterFileTypes = @("*")                                        # 过滤下载的文件类型（示例：@("docx","pdf","xlsx") 仅下载这三类）
$overwriteExisting = $true                                       # 是否覆盖本地已存在的文件（true=覆盖，false=跳过）# -------------------------- 核心函数：递归下载文件夹+文件 --------------------------
function Download-PnPDocumentLibrary {param([Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$SiteUrl,[Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$LibraryName,[Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$LocalRootPath,[array]$FilterFileTypes = @("*"),[bool]$Overwrite = $true,[string]$FolderServerRelativeUrl = $null)# 初始化参数if (-not $FolderServerRelativeUrl) {# 获取文档库的服务器相对路径（首次执行）$library = Get-PnPList -Identity $LibraryName -Includes RootFolder$FolderServerRelativeUrl = $library.RootFolder.ServerRelativeUrlWrite-Host "📂 文档库根路径: $FolderServerRelativeUrl" -ForegroundColor Cyan}# 创建本地对应文件夹$localFolderPath = $LocalRootPath + $FolderServerRelativeUrl.Replace("/", "\")if (-not (Test-Path $localFolderPath)) {New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $localFolderPath -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host "✅ 创建本地文件夹: $localFolderPath" -ForegroundColor Green}# 1. 获取当前文件夹下的文件$files = Get-PnPFileInFolder -Identity "Shared Documents" # -FolderSiteRelativeUrl $FolderServerRelativeUrl -ErrorAction SilentlyContinueforeach ($file in $files) {# 过滤文件类型$fileExt = $file.Name.Split(".")[-1].ToLower()if ($FilterFileTypes -ne "*" -and $fileExt -notin $FilterFileTypes) {Write-Host "ℹ️ 跳过非目标类型文件: $($file.Name)" -ForegroundColor Yellowcontinue}# 拼接本地文件路径$localFilePath = Join-Path -Path $localFolderPath -ChildPath $file.Name# 跳过已存在的文件（若不覆盖）if (-not $Overwrite -and (Test-Path $localFilePath)) {Write-Host "ℹ️ 本地已存在，跳过: $($file.Name)" -ForegroundColor Yellowcontinue}# 下载文件try {Write-Host "⬇️ 正在下载: $($file.Name)" -ForegroundColor CyanGet-PnPFile -Url $file.ServerRelativeUrl -Path $localFolderPath -FileName $file.Name -AsFile -Force:$Overwrite -ErrorAction StopWrite-Host "✅ 下载完成: $localFilePath" -ForegroundColor Green}catch {Write-Host "❌ 下载失败: $($file.Name) - $($_.Exception.Message)" -ForegroundColor Red}}# 2. 递归下载子文件夹$subFolders = Get-PnPFolder -Url $FolderServerRelativeUrl -Includes Folders | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Foldersforeach ($folder in $subFolders) {if ($folder.Name -notin @("Forms", "_cts")) {  # 跳过系统文件夹Write-Host "📁 进入子文件夹: $($folder.ServerRelativeUrl)" -ForegroundColor BlueDownload-PnPDocumentLibrary -SiteUrl $SiteUrl -LibraryName $LibraryName -LocalRootPath $LocalRootPath `-FilterFileTypes $FilterFileTypes -Overwrite $Overwrite -FolderServerRelativeUrl $folder.ServerRelativeUrl}}
}# -------------------------- 执行入口 --------------------------
# 1. 检查并安装PnP.PowerShell
if (-not (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name PnP.PowerShell)) {Write-Host "🔧 正在安装PnP.PowerShell模块..." -ForegroundColor CyanSet-PSRepository -Name PSGallery -InstallationPolicy Trusted -ErrorAction SilentlyContinueInstall-Module -Name PnP.PowerShell -Force -AllowClobber -Scope CurrentUser -ErrorAction Stop
}
Import-Module PnP.PowerShell -DisableNameChecking -Force -ErrorAction Stop
Write-Host "✅ PnP.PowerShell模块加载成功`n" -ForegroundColor Green# 2. 连接SPO站点
try {Write-Host "🔗 正在连接站点: $siteUrl" -ForegroundColor CyanConnect-PnPOnline -Url $siteUrl -UseWebLogin -ErrorAction StopWrite-Host "✅ 站点连接成功`n" -ForegroundColor Green# 3. 检查文档库是否存在$library = Get-PnPList -Identity $libraryName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinueif (-not $library) {throw "文档库 '$libraryName' 不存在，请检查名称是否正确"}# 4. 创建本地保存根路径if (-not (Test-Path $localSavePath)) {New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $localSavePath -Force | Out-NullWrite-Host "📂 已创建本地保存路径: $localSavePath`n" -ForegroundColor Cyan}# 5. 开始批量下载Write-Host "🚀 开始批量下载文档库 '$libraryName' 的文件..." -ForegroundColor GreenDownload-PnPDocumentLibrary -SiteUrl $siteUrl -LibraryName $libraryName -LocalRootPath $localSavePath `-FilterFileTypes $filterFileTypes -Overwrite $overwriteExistingWrite-Host "`n🎉 下载完成！所有文件已保存到: $localSavePath" -ForegroundColor Green
}
catch {Write-Host "`n❌ 执行出错: $($_.Exception.Message)" -ForegroundColor Redexit 1
}
finally {# 断开连接if (Get-PnPConnection) {Disconnect-PnPOnline -ErrorAction SilentlyContinueWrite-Host "`n🔌 已断开SPO站点连接" -ForegroundColor Cyan}
}