文章转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/BinGeneral/p/18126518
1、文章说明
在开发一些报表时，需要显示双层的标题，或者合并单元格的数据，归根结底就是要实现类似EXCEL合并单元格的需求。如图所示
网上的资料，很多根据国外某大神的方法实现：https://tricktresor.de/blog/zellen-verbinden/
本文章在测试该方法时，发现了一些问题，并根据个人实现习惯，加以优化和修改：
优化问题：
1、优化源代码只能对第1列进行垂直合并。
2、解决源代码垂直合并中，将导致下一列字段内容被清空。
本文章通过不画CONTAINER的OOALV方式实现ALV报表，虽然解决了一些BUG，但实现方法仍有很大的优化空间，读者可动手持续优化。
2、实现过程
首先创建9000屏幕
程序中根据超类，创建新的类
定义ALV对象
在ALV中预留要显示标题的空行
并去掉fieldcat自动带出来的列名
调用ALV显示方法后，开始合并单元格
垂直合并，outputlen表示向下合并几行（包含本行）
水平合并，outputlen表示向右合并到第几列
设置对应单元格的名称
REPORT ybintest018. *----------------------------------------------------------------------* *表声明 *----------------------------------------------------------------------* TABLES:sscrfields." *----------------------------------------------------------------------* *类型池声明 *----------------------------------------------------------------------* TYPE-POOLS:slis.INCLUDE <cl_alv_control>. *----------------------------------------------------------------------* * 类型定义 *----------------------------------------------------------------------* TYPES:BEGIN OF ty_alv,xm TYPE char20,hsl01 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl02 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl03 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl04 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl05 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl06 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl07 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl08 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl09 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl10 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl11 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hsl12 TYPE acdoca-hsl,hz TYPE char20,END OF ty_alv.*----------------------------------------------------------------------* * 声明内表和工作区 *----------------------------------------------------------------------* DATA:gt_alv TYPE TABLE OF ty_alv,gs_alv TYPE ty_alv.FIELD-SYMBOLS:<fs_gs_alv> TYPE ty_alv.*----------------------------------------------------------------------* * ALV层级关系定义 *----------------------------------------------------------------------*CLASS zcl_gui_alv_grid DEFINITION DEFERRED.*创建ALV屏幕 DATA:g_grid_9000 TYPE REF TO zcl_gui_alv_grid, "ALV容器的实例g_container_9000 TYPE REF TO cl_gui_docking_container, "ALV容器 不用画屏幕容器gs_variant_9000 TYPE disvariant,gs_style TYPE lvc_s_styl,gt_fieldcat_9000 TYPE lvc_t_fcat,gs_fieldcat TYPE lvc_s_fcat,gs_layout_9000 TYPE lvc_s_layo. "ALV 控制: 布局结构DATA:r_ucomm LIKE sy-ucomm,ok_code TYPE sy-ucomm,save_code TYPE sy-ucomm.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* * CLASS DEFINITION 定义类/Definition class *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* CLASS zcl_gui_alv_grid DEFINITION INHERITING FROM cl_gui_alv_grid.PUBLIC SECTION."水平合并METHODS z_set_merge_horizIMPORTINGrow TYPE iCHANGINGtab_col_merge TYPE lvc_t_co01."垂直合并METHODS z_set_merge_vertIMPORTINGrow TYPE iCHANGINGtab_col_merge TYPE lvc_t_co01."标题文本METHODS z_set_title_valueIMPORTINGrow TYPE icol TYPE ivalue TYPE lvc_value."清空单元格样式METHODS z_init_cell_styles."单元格样式METHODS z_set_cell_styleIMPORTINGrow TYPE i OPTIONALcol TYPE i OPTIONALstyle TYPE lvc_stylestyle2 TYPE lvc_style OPTIONAL."冻结行列METHODS z_set_fixed_col_rowIMPORTINGrow TYPE icol TYPE i."显示METHODS z_display. ENDCLASS. "ZCL_GUI_ALV_GRID DEFINITION*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* * CLASS IMPLEMENTATION 实现类/Implementation class *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* CLASS zcl_gui_alv_grid IMPLEMENTATION."水平合并METHOD z_set_merge_horiz.* ROW - Zeile deren Spalten zusammengef�hrt werden sollen * tab_col_merge - Spalten, die zusammengef�hrt werden sollenFIELD-SYMBOLS <fs_cols> TYPE lvc_s_co01.FIELD-SYMBOLS <fs_data> TYPE lvc_s_data.DATA outputlen TYPE i.SORT tab_col_merge. * Die Spalten, die zusammengef�hrt werden sollenLOOP AT tab_col_merge ASSIGNING <fs_cols>. * ein paar Pr�fungenIF <fs_cols>-col_id LE 0. CONTINUE. ENDIF.IF <fs_cols>-outputlen LE <fs_cols>-col_id. CONTINUE. ENDIF.outputlen = <fs_cols>-outputlen - <fs_cols>-col_id.LOOP AT mt_data ASSIGNING <fs_data>WHERE row_pos = row AND( col_pos BETWEEN <fs_cols>-col_id AND<fs_cols>-outputlen ). * Setze wie weit soll gemerged werden Von Spalte in L�nge * und zwar wird bei der 1 Spalte angefangenIF <fs_data>-col_pos = <fs_cols>-col_id.<fs_data>-mergehoriz = outputlen. * bei allen anderen, die zusammangeh�ren * muss der Wert raus, da er aus der 1. Spalte kommt * und das mergekennzeichen muss auch weg !ELSE.CLEAR <fs_data>-mergehoriz.CLEAR <fs_data>-value.ENDIF.ENDLOOP.ENDLOOP.ENDMETHOD."垂直合并METHOD z_set_merge_vert.* ROW - Zeile deren Spalten zusammengef�hrt werden sollen * tab_col_merge - Spalten, die zusammengef�hrt werden sollenFIELD-SYMBOLS <fs_cols> TYPE lvc_s_co01.FIELD-SYMBOLS <fs_data> TYPE lvc_s_data.DATA:outputlen TYPE i,lv_row_end TYPE i.SORT tab_col_merge. * Die Spalten, die zusammengef�hrt werden sollenLOOP AT tab_col_merge ASSIGNING <fs_cols>. * ein paar Pr�fungenIF <fs_cols>-col_id LE 0. CONTINUE. ENDIF. * IF <fs_cols>-outputlen LE <fs_cols>-col_id. CONTINUE. ENDIF. * outputlen = <fs_cols>-outputlen - <fs_cols>-col_id.outputlen = <fs_cols>-outputlen - 1.lv_row_end = row + outputlen.LOOP AT mt_data ASSIGNING <fs_data>WHERE ( row_pos BETWEEN row AND lv_row_end )AND col_pos = <fs_cols>-col_id. * ( col_pos BETWEEN <fs_cols>-col_id AND * <fs_cols>-outputlen ).* Setze wie weit soll gemerged werden Von Spalte in L�nge * und zwar wird bei der 1 Spalte angefangen * IF <fs_data>-col_pos = <fs_cols>-col_id.IF <fs_data>-row_pos = row.<fs_data>-mergevert = outputlen. * bei allen anderen, die zusammangeh�ren * muss der Wert raus, da er aus der 1. Spalte kommt * und das mergekennzeichen muss auch weg !ELSE.CLEAR <fs_data>-mergevert.CLEAR <fs_data>-value.ENDIF.ENDLOOP.ENDLOOP.ENDMETHOD."标题文本METHOD z_set_title_value.FIELD-SYMBOLS <fs_data> TYPE lvc_s_data.LOOP AT mt_data ASSIGNING <fs_data>WHERE row_pos = row AND col_pos = col.<fs_data>-value = value.ENDLOOP.ENDMETHOD. "z_set_title_value"清空单元格样式METHOD z_init_cell_styles.FIELD-SYMBOLS <fs_data> TYPE lvc_s_data. * Nur Spalte setze komplette SpalteLOOP AT mt_data ASSIGNING <fs_data>.<fs_data>-style = 0.ENDLOOP.ENDMETHOD."单元格样式METHOD z_set_cell_style.FIELD-SYMBOLS <fs_data> TYPE lvc_s_data.IF row IS INITIAL.IF col IS INITIAL. * Beides leer -> nichts zu tun.EXIT.ELSE. * Nur Spalte setze komplette SpalteLOOP AT mt_data ASSIGNING <fs_data>WHERE col_pos = col.<fs_data>-style = <fs_data>-style + style.<fs_data>-style2 = <fs_data>-style2 + style2.ENDLOOP.ENDIF.ELSE.IF col IS INITIAL. * Nur Zeile eingegeben -> komplette Zeile setzenLOOP AT mt_data ASSIGNING <fs_data>WHERE row_pos = row.<fs_data>-style = <fs_data>-style + style.<fs_data>-style2 = <fs_data>-style2 + style2.ENDLOOP.ELSE.READ TABLE mt_data ASSIGNING <fs_data>WITH KEY row_pos = rowcol_pos = col.IF sy-subrc EQ 0.<fs_data>-style = <fs_data>-style + style.<fs_data>-style2 = <fs_data>-style2 + style2.ELSE.EXIT.ENDIF.ENDIF.ENDIF.ENDMETHOD."冻结行列METHOD z_set_fixed_col_row.me->set_fixed_cols( col ).me->set_fixed_rows( row ).ENDMETHOD."显示METHOD z_display.DATA lv_stable TYPE lvc_s_stbl.DATA lv_soft TYPE c.**** Prepare refresh * lv_stable-row = 'X'. * lv_stable-col = 'X'. * lv_soft = 'X'. * **** Refresh table because Z_SET_CELL_STYLE adds style-values **** Refresh initializes mt_data * CALL METHOD refresh_table_display * EXPORTING * is_stable = lv_stable * i_soft_refresh = lv_soft * EXCEPTIONS * OTHERS = 1.* Jetzt noch �bertragen der ge�nderten DatenCALL METHOD me->set_data_tableCHANGINGdata_table = mt_data[].CALL METHOD set_auto_redrawEXPORTINGenable = 1.ENDMETHOD.ENDCLASS. "ZCL_GUI_ALV_GRID IMPLEMENTATION *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& START-OF-SELECTION:程序运行所处理的代码 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* START-OF-SELECTION."获取取数PERFORM frm_get_data.CALL SCREEN 9000.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_GET_DATA *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* * text 获取数据 *----------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_get_data.APPEND INITIAL LINE TO gt_alv.APPEND INITIAL LINE TO gt_alv."第3行CLEAR gs_alv.gs_alv-xm = '成本'.gs_alv-hsl01 = '10'.gs_alv-hsl02 = '20'.gs_alv-hsl03 = '30'.gs_alv-hsl04 = '40'.gs_alv-hsl05 = '50'.gs_alv-hsl06 = '60'.gs_alv-hsl07 = '70'.gs_alv-hsl08 = '80'.gs_alv-hsl09 = '90'.gs_alv-hsl10 = '100'.gs_alv-hsl11 = '110'.gs_alv-hsl12 = '120'.gs_alv-hz = '780'.APPEND gs_alv TO gt_alv."第4行CLEAR gs_alv.gs_alv-xm = '利润'.gs_alv-hsl01 = '110'.gs_alv-hsl02 = '120'.gs_alv-hsl03 = '130'.gs_alv-hsl04 = '140'.gs_alv-hsl05 = '150'.gs_alv-hsl06 = '160'.gs_alv-hsl07 = '170'.gs_alv-hsl08 = '180'.gs_alv-hsl09 = '190'.gs_alv-hsl10 = '1100'.gs_alv-hsl11 = '1110'.gs_alv-hsl12 = '1120'.gs_alv-hz = '4680'.APPEND gs_alv TO gt_alv. ENDFORM. " FRM_GET_DATA *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_ALV_LAYOUT_9000 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_alv_layout_9000.CLEAR gs_layout_9000.gs_layout_9000-sel_mode = 'A'. "选择行模式gs_layout_9000-cwidth_opt = 'A'. "优化列宽设置gs_layout_9000-zebra = 'X'. "设置斑马线gs_layout_9000-no_toolbar = 'X'.gs_layout_9000-no_headers = 'X'."不显示列名 ENDFORM.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_ALV_FIELDCAT_9000 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_alv_fieldcat_9000.DATA:lv_times TYPE i,lv_count TYPE i,lv_fieldname TYPE lvc_fname,lv_coltext TYPE lvc_txtcol.REFRESH:gt_fieldcat_9000.DEFINE init_fill_fcat.CLEAR gs_fieldcat.gs_fieldcat-fieldname = &1.gs_fieldcat-coltext = &2.gs_fieldcat-scrtext_l = &2.gs_fieldcat-scrtext_m = &2.gs_fieldcat-scrtext_s = &2.gs_fieldcat-reptext = &2.gs_fieldcat-col_pos = &3. * gs_fieldcat-do_sum = &3. * gs_fieldcat-hotspot = &4.gs_fieldcat-icon = &4.gs_fieldcat-hotspot = &5.gs_fieldcat-no_zero = &6.gs_fieldcat-edit = &7.gs_fieldcat-datatype = &8.gs_fieldcat-inttype = &9.APPEND gs_fieldcat TO gt_fieldcat_9000.END-OF-DEFINITION.init_fill_fcat 'XM' '项目' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL01' 'HSL01' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL02' 'HSL02' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL03' 'HSL03' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL04' 'HSL04' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL05' 'HSL05' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL06' 'HSL06' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL07' 'HSL07' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL08' 'HSL08' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL09' 'HSL09' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL10' 'HSL10' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL11' 'HSL11' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HSL12' 'HSL12' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.init_fill_fcat 'HZ' '汇总' '' '' '' '' '' '' ''.ENDFORM.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_CREATE_CONTAINER_9000 *& 创建容器 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_create_container_9000.CREATE OBJECT g_container_9000EXPORTINGrepid = sy-repiddynnr = '9000' * side = cl_gui_docking_container=>dock_at_right ”ALV贴屏幕右边，从屏幕右边开始算宽度side = cl_gui_docking_container=>dock_at_top "ALV贴屏幕左边，从左边算屏幕宽度，extension = 1000 "屏幕宽度 * ratio = 95 "屏幕比例 小于5大于95会报cntl_error异常style = cl_gui_control=>ws_child "可选参数，设置ALV是否可用手动拖动大小EXCEPTIONScntl_error = 1cntl_system_error = 2create_error = 3lifetime_error = 4lifetime_dynpro_dynpro_link = 5OTHERS = 6.IF sy-subrc <> 0.MESSAGE s001(00) WITH '屏幕初始化失败'.LEAVE LIST-PROCESSING.ENDIF.* 创建容器实例CREATE OBJECT g_grid_9000EXPORTINGi_parent = g_container_9000EXCEPTIONSerror_cntl_create = 1error_cntl_init = 2error_cntl_link = 3error_dp_create = 4OTHERS = 5.IF sy-subrc <> 0.MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgnoWITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.ENDIF. ENDFORM.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_ALV_DISPLAY_9000 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_alv_display_9000.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->set_table_for_first_displayEXPORTINGis_variant = gs_variant_9000 * i_save = 'A'is_layout = gs_layout_9000 * it_toolbar_excluding = gt_exclude_9000CHANGINGit_fieldcatalog = gt_fieldcat_9000 " it_outtab = gt_alv "输出数据的内表 * it_sort = gt_sort * it_filter = gt_filtEXCEPTIONSinvalid_parameter_combination = 1program_error = 2too_many_lines = 3OTHERS = 4.IF sy-subrc <> 0.MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgnoWITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.ENDIF."合并单元格"垂直合并PERFORM frm_merge_vert."水平合并PERFORM frm_merge_horiz."设置标题PERFORM frm_title_value."设置样式PERFORM frm_cell_style."合并单元格后显示g_grid_9000->z_display( ).ENDFORM.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_MERGE_VERT 垂直合并 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_merge_vert.DATA:lt_col_merge TYPE lvc_t_co01,ls_col_merge TYPE lvc_s_co01."纵向合并REFRESH:lt_col_merge.CLEAR:ls_col_merge.ls_col_merge-col_id = 1.ls_col_merge-outputlen = 2."向下合并多少行(含本行)APPEND ls_col_merge TO lt_col_merge.CLEAR:ls_col_merge.ls_col_merge-col_id = 14.ls_col_merge-outputlen = 2."向下合并多少行(含本行)APPEND ls_col_merge TO lt_col_merge."第1行的纵向合并单元格CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_merge_vert "纵向合并EXPORTINGrow = 1CHANGINGtab_col_merge = lt_col_merge. ENDFORM.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_MERGE_HORIZ 水平合并 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_merge_horiz.DATA:lt_col_merge TYPE lvc_t_co01,ls_col_merge TYPE lvc_s_co01."水平合并REFRESH:lt_col_merge.CLEAR:ls_col_merge.ls_col_merge-col_id = 2.ls_col_merge-outputlen = 4."水平合并到第几列APPEND ls_col_merge TO lt_col_merge.CLEAR:ls_col_merge.ls_col_merge-col_id = 5.ls_col_merge-outputlen = 7.APPEND ls_col_merge TO lt_col_merge.CLEAR:ls_col_merge.ls_col_merge-col_id = 8.ls_col_merge-outputlen = 10.APPEND ls_col_merge TO lt_col_merge.CLEAR:ls_col_merge.ls_col_merge-col_id = 11.ls_col_merge-outputlen = 13.APPEND ls_col_merge TO lt_col_merge."第1行的水平合并单元格CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_merge_horiz "水平合并EXPORTINGrow = 1CHANGINGtab_col_merge = lt_col_merge. ENDFORM.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_CELL_STYLE 设置样式 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_cell_style."设置值效果：加粗 居中 主键颜色gs_style-style = alv_style_font_bold+ alv_style_align_center_center+ alv_style_color_heading."第1行 第1列CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_cell_styleEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 1style = gs_style-style.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_cell_styleEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 2style = gs_style-style.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_cell_styleEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 5style = gs_style-style.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_cell_styleEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 8style = gs_style-style.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_cell_styleEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 11style = gs_style-style.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_cell_styleEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 14style = gs_style-style."冻结行和列g_grid_9000->z_set_fixed_col_row(EXPORTING col = 1row = 2 ). ENDFORM.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_TITLE_VALUE 设置标题 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_title_value.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_title_valueEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 1value = '项目'.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_title_valueEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 2value = '1季度'.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_title_valueEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 5value = '2季度'.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_title_valueEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 8value = '3季度'.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_title_valueEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 11value = '4季度'.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_title_valueEXPORTINGrow = 1col = 14value = '汇总'.DATA:lv_fname TYPE lvc_value,lv_index TYPE sy-index.DO 12 TIMES.lv_fname = sy-index && '月'.lv_index = sy-index + 1.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->z_set_title_valueEXPORTINGrow = 2col = lv_indexvalue = lv_fname.ENDDO. ENDFORM.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form FRM_REFRESH_ALV_9000 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM frm_refresh_alv.DATA: lt_celltab TYPE lvc_t_styl,ls_celltab TYPE lvc_s_styl,ls_stable TYPE lvc_s_stbl.ls_stable-row = 'X'. "固定行ls_stable-col = 'X'. "固定列CHECK g_grid_9000 IS NOT INITIAL.CALL METHOD g_grid_9000->refresh_table_displayEXPORTINGis_stable = ls_stable * I_SOFT_REFRESH = 'X'EXCEPTIONSfinished = 1OTHERS = 2.IF sy-subrc <> 0.MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgnoWITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.ENDIF.CALL METHOD cl_gui_cfw=>flush. ENDFORM. *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& 屏幕流 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* MODULE status_9000 OUTPUT.SET PF-STATUS 'STANDARD_FULLSCREEN'. ENDMODULE.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& 屏幕流 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* MODULE display_alv_9000 OUTPUT.IF g_container_9000 IS INITIAL.PERFORM frm_create_container_9000.PERFORM frm_alv_fieldcat_9000.PERFORM frm_alv_layout_9000.PERFORM frm_alv_display_9000.ELSE.PERFORM frm_refresh_alv.ENDIF. ENDMODULE.*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& 屏幕流 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* MODULE user_command_9000 INPUT.save_code = ok_code.CLEAR ok_code.CASE save_code.WHEN '&BACK'."设置功能键返回按钮单击事件LEAVE TO SCREEN 0.WHEN '&EXIT'.LEAVE PROGRAM.ENDCASE. ENDMODULE.