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Centos7 副本集模式部署 MongoDB

news 2026/5/11 20:40:22

1.安装并配置MongoDB 副本集

#添加yum源
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mongo.repo
[mongodb-org-4.4]
name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/7/mongodb-org/4.4/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://pgp.mongodb.com/server-4.4.asc

yum install -y mongodb-orgmkdir -p /data/mongo
mkdir -p /logs/mongo
touch /logs/mongo/mongod.log
openssl rand -base64 512 > /data/mongo/mongo.key #其他节点必须拷贝该文件，节点文件内容必须一致
chmod 400 /data/mongo/mongo.keychown -R mongod:mongod /data/mongo
chown -R mongod:mongod /logs/mongovim /etc/mongod.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /logs/mongo/mongod.log
storage:dbPath: /data/mongojournal:enabled: true
processManagement:timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo
net:port: 27017bindIp: 0.0.0.0
security:authorization: enabledkeyFile: /data/mongo/mongo.key
replication:replSetName: rs0systemctl start mongod
systemctl status mongod
systemctl enable mongod#初始化集群mongo --port 27017 #非本机 直接后面接服务器地址和端口 192.168.xx.xx:27017,注意替换下面地址为实际集群节点地址
rs.initiate( {_id : "rs0",members: [{ _id: 0, host: "192.168.200.101:27017" },{ _id: 1, host: "192.168.200.102:27017" },{ _id: 2, host: "192.168.200.103:27017" }]
})rs.status()  #查看节点状态及角色

2.创建用户

mongo
use admin
db.createUser({ user:'admin',pwd:'ynOWq$%xWO3pvt2a ',roles:[ { role:'userAdminAnyDatabase', db: 'admin'}]});
db.auth('admin','ynOWq$%xWO3pvt2a ')
db.grantRolesToUser( "admin" , [ { role: "dbOwner", db: "admin" },{ "role": "clusterAdmin", "db": "admin" },{ "role": "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db": "admin" },{ "role": "dbAdminAnyDatabase", "db": "admin" }])#创建root用户
db.createUser({user:"root",pwd:"9uKlHUVHS^L78dJB",roles:[{role:"root",db:"admin"}]});
db.grantRolesToUser ( "root", [ { role: "__system", db: "admin" } ] )

3.测试

mongo #在主服务上操作，未认证用户可以通过rs.status() 查看 PRIMARY为master
use admin
db.auth('root','9uKlHUVHS^L78dJB')
rs.config(); #查看配置
rs.printSecondaryReplicationInfo() #检查复制滞后
db.hello()  #参考 https://blog.csdn.net/wilsonzane/article/details/135388006

#读写测试
db.test.insert({ a:1 })  #master节点mongo #SECONDARY节点
use admin
db.auth('root','9uKlHUVHS^L78dJB')
rs.secondaryOk() #默认SECONDARY节点不允许读
db.test.find({ a:1 })
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6731dc3dc131276c008d0459"), "a" : 1 }

4.客户端工具

4.1 打开链接根据平台下载对应的软件包并安装

https://www.mongodb.com/try/download/compass

4.2配置客户端连接

打开 MongoDBCompass，点击 "New Connection" 按钮，在 "Connection String 输入框中，输入副本集的连接字符串。

格式如下

"mongodb://主节点IP:主节点端口,从节点1IP:从节点1端口,从节点2IP:从节点2端口/?replicaSet=副本集名称"
以我们的副本集为例：
"mongodb://192.168.200.101:27017,192.168.200.102:27017,192.168.200.103:27017/replicaSet=rs0"

4.3 添加连接用户认证信息

5.备份与恢复

mogo
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.auth('mongoAdmin','mongozd1103!')
1db.grantRolesToUser("mongoAdmin", [{ role: "dbAdmin", db: "direct-rent" }]); mongodump  --uri='mongodb://zdmongo:zdblmongo!@192.168.60.181:27017/direct-rent' #默认会在当前目录下创建dump目录
mongorestore --uri="mongodb://root:9uKlHUVHS^L78dJB@192.168.200.102:27017" /mnt/dump