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DLT：dlt-daemon示例解析2

news 2026/5/11 13:10:16

DLT：dlt-daemon示例解析

回顾一下上期第一个示例打印DLT日志的流程。

这次来分析第二个示例。

目录dlt-daemon/examples/example2/下有以下文件

CMakeLists.txt dlt_id.h example2.c example2.xml

其中example2.xml编译用不到，里面描述了一些程序的信息，我们先不管它。

// CMakeLists.txt

####### # SPDX license identifier: MPL-2.0 # # Copyright (C) 2011-2015, BMW AG # # This file is part of GENIVI Project DLT - Diagnostic Log and Trace. # # This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the # Mozilla Public License (MPL), v. 2.0. # If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, # You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. # # For further information see http://www.genivi.org/. ####### # # DLT example implementation # cmake_minimum_required( VERSION 2.6 ) project( automotive-dlt-example2 ) # # find dependency packages # find_package(PkgConfig) pkg_check_modules(DLT REQUIRED automotive-dlt) # # include directories # include_directories( ${DLT_INCLUDE_DIRS} ) # # build project # set(dlt_example2_SRCS example2.c) add_executable(dlt-example2 ${dlt_example2_SRCS}) target_link_libraries(dlt-example2 ${DLT_LIBRARIES}) set_target_properties(dlt-example2 PROPERTIES LINKER_LANGUAGE C) install(TARGETS dlt-example2 RUNTIME DESTINATION bin COMPONENT base)

//dlt_id.h

/* * SPDX license identifier: MPL-2.0 * * Copyright (C) 2011-2015, BMW AG * * This file is part of GENIVI Project DLT - Diagnostic Log and Trace. * * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the * Mozilla Public License (MPL), v. 2.0. * If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, * You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. * * For further information see http://www.genivi.org/. */ /* generated file, do not edit */ #ifndef DLT_ID_H #define DLT_ID_H #define DLT_EXA2_CON_EXA2_ID1 1000 #define DLT_EXA2_CON_EXA2_ID2 1001 #define DLT_EXA2_CON_EXA2_ID3 1002 #endif /* DLT_ID_H */

文件中用宏定义了3个ID，打印log时使用，没有什么特殊意义。

//example2.c

/* * SPDX license identifier: MPL-2.0 * * Copyright (C) 2011-2015, BMW AG * * This file is part of GENIVI Project DLT - Diagnostic Log and Trace. * * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the * Mozilla Public License (MPL), v. 2.0. * If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, * You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. * * For further information see http://www.genivi.org/. */ /*! * \author Alexander Wenzel <alexander.aw.wenzel@bmw.de> * * \copyright Copyright © 2011-2015 BMW AG. \n * License MPL-2.0: Mozilla Public License version 2.0 http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. * * \file example2.c */ /******************************************************************************* ** ** ** SRC-MODULE: example2.c ** ** ** ** TARGET : linux ** ** ** ** PROJECT : DLT ** ** ** ** AUTHOR : Alexander Wenzel Alexander.AW.Wenzel@bmw.de ** ** ** ** PURPOSE : ** ** ** ** REMARKS : ** ** ** ** PLATFORM DEPENDANT [yes/no]: yes ** ** ** ** TO BE CHANGED BY USER [yes/no]: no ** ** ** *******************************************************************************/ #include <stdio.h> /* for printf() and fprintf() */ #include <stdlib.h> /* for atoi() and exit() */ #include <dlt.h> #include "dlt_id.h" DLT_DECLARE_CONTEXT(con_exa2); int main() { int num; struct timespec ts; DLT_REGISTER_APP("EXA2", "Third Example"); DLT_REGISTER_CONTEXT(con_exa2, "CON", "First context"); DLT_NONVERBOSE_MODE(); for (num = 0; num < 10; num++) { DLT_LOG_ID(con_exa2, DLT_LOG_INFO, DLT_EXA2_CON_EXA2_ID1, DLT_INT32(12345678), DLT_STRING("Hello world 1!")); DLT_LOG_ID(con_exa2, DLT_LOG_ERROR, DLT_EXA2_CON_EXA2_ID2, DLT_INT32(87654321), DLT_STRING("Hello world 2!")); DLT_LOG_ID(con_exa2, DLT_LOG_WARN, DLT_EXA2_CON_EXA2_ID3, DLT_INT32(11223344), DLT_STRING("Hello world 3!")); ts.tv_sec = 0; ts.tv_nsec = 1000000; nanosleep(&ts, NULL); } DLT_UNREGISTER_CONTEXT(con_exa2); DLT_UNREGISTER_APP(); }

Application ID是“EXA2”, Context ID是“CON”。

这里的流程与示例1相比有变化：

1. 增加了DLT_NONVERBOSE_MODE设置。

2. 打印log的位置换成了 DLT_LOG_ID.

3. 打印的内容变成多条，更贴近实际。

4. 每条消息中的等级不同，包括INFO，ERROR，WARN等。消息中增加了ID，消息包括int和String多种类型。

三条消息每条打印10次。

DLT_NONVERBOSE_MODE

/** * Switch to non-verbose mode * */ #define DLT_NONVERBOSE_MODE() do { \ (void)dlt_nonverbose_mode(); } while(false)

这个宏调用了dlt_nonverbose_mode()函数，含义为切换到非冗余模式。默认是冗余模式。

简单说明下非冗余模式和冗余模式：

NonVerbose Mode

To be able to transmit parameter values only - without the need of any meta information about them -, additional properties like parameter names or types -, the Non-Verbose Mode can be used.

To allow the correct disassembly of the contained parameter values within a received Dlt message, a dedicated Message ID is added to the payload.

A separate, external file contains the description of the payload layout according to the corresponding Message ID.

概况的说就是传递消息比较简洁。

数据格式如下，消息头后面就是消息ID和数据

Verbose Mode

Dlt messages which are sent in Verbose Mode contain a complete description of the parameters next to the parameter values itself.

This means that on the one hand no external file is needed for disassembly; On the other hand, a higher amount of data is sent on the bus.

The Verbose Mode can be used on ECUs where enough memory and high network bandwidth are available. Because of the self-description, the stored data on the external client is interpretable at any time and without any further external information.

通俗的含义就是什么详细信息都发，发的数据多所以用在内存充足而且网络带宽高的地方。

数据格式比上面详细很多。

DLT_LOG_ID

/** * Send log message with variable list of messages (intended for non-verbose mode) * @param CONTEXT object containing information about one special logging context * @param LOGLEVEL the log level of the log message * @param MSGID the message id of log message * @param ... variable list of arguments * calls to DLT_STRING(), DLT_BOOL(), DLT_FLOAT32(), DLT_FLOAT64(), * DLT_INT(), DLT_UINT(), DLT_RAW() * @note To avoid the MISRA warning "The comma operator has been used outside a for statement" * use a semicolon instead of a comma to separate the __VA_ARGS__. * Example: DLT_LOG_ID(hContext, DLT_LOG_INFO, 0x1234, DLT_STRING("Hello world"); DLT_INT(123)); */ #ifdef _MSC_VER /* DLT_LOG_ID is not supported by MS Visual C++ */ /* use function interface instead */ #else # define DLT_LOG_ID(CONTEXT, LOGLEVEL, MSGID, ...) \ do { \ DltContextData log_local; \ int dlt_local; \ dlt_local = dlt_user_log_write_start_id(&CONTEXT, &log_local, LOGLEVEL, MSGID); \ if (dlt_local == DLT_RETURN_TRUE) \ { \ __VA_ARGS__; \ (void)dlt_user_log_write_finish(&log_local); \ } \ } while(false) #endif

发送带有消息变量列表的日志消息（用于NonVerbose Mode）。日志带ID。

带有ID的日志更有实用性，可以区分不同来源的日志。运行的结果在dlt-viewer中显示如下：

只关注log日志（而且是打印消息的），其他消息由DLT处理不关注。解析第1条打印log日志：

[1000] Na----Hello world 1!-|4e 61 bc 00 0f 00 48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 20 31 21 00

1000：表示MSGID，就是程序里面的DLT_EXA2_CON_EXA2_ID1

Na----Hello world 1!-：表示LOG数据DLT_INT32(12345678)和DLT_STRING("Hello world 1!")

其中12345678写成16进制为0x00bc614e，在小端模式存储时，写成4e 61 bc 00。其余字符按照ASCII码显示。

4e 61 bc 00 0f 00 48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 20 31 21 00这串数字表示DLT_INT32(12345678)和DLT_STRING("Hello world 1!")的ASCII码值。