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使用OpenZeppelin编写可升级智能合约（代理） - all-in

news 2026/3/27 4:33:59

开发环境：VSCode + Foundry

一、创建项目

执行$forge init ProxyDemo 创建Foundry项目，并创建2个版本的逻辑合约：

LogicV1.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED
pragma solidity ^0.8.30;import {Initializable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";contract LogicV1 is Initializable {uint256 public number;function initialize(uint256 initialValue) public initializer {number = initialValue;}function changeNumber() public {number++;}
}

LogicV2.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED
pragma solidity ^0.8.30;import {Initializable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";contract LogicV2 is Initializable {uint256 public number;function setNumber(uint256 newValue) public {number = newValue;}function changeNumber() public {number += 10;}
}

普通合同和可升级合同的最大区别在于，可升级合同没有constructor()

二、使用OpenZeppelin Upgrades 插件部署LogicV1

2.1 安装库

安装OpenZeppelin可升级合约库：

forge install OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-foundry-upgrades
forge install OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable

然后更新remappings.txt文件：forge remappings > remappings.txt

如果你想在升级或部署时，运行OpenZeppelin自带的升级安全检查，请执行：

安装node.js
在foundry.toml里配置ffi、 ast、 build info和storage layout:

[profile.default]
ffi = true
ast = true
build_info = true
extra_output = ["storageLayout"]

2.2 编写部署脚本

在 script/LogicV1.s.sol 中编写 LogicV1 合约的部署脚本

// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED
pragma solidity ^0.8.30;import {Script} from "forge-std/Script.sol";
import {LogicV1} from "../src/LogicV1.sol";
import {console} from "forge-std/console.sol";
import {Upgrades} from "openzeppelin-foundry-upgrades/Upgrades.sol";contract LogicV1Script is Script {function setUp() public {}function run() public {// 部署的账户私钥uint256 deployerPrivateKey = vm.envUint("PRIVATE_KEY");vm.startBroadcast(deployerPrivateKey);// Deploy the upgradeable proxy and its first implementationaddress proxy = Upgrades.deployTransparentProxy("LogicV1.sol",vm.envAddress("ADMIN_ADDRESS"),abi.encodeCall(LogicV1.initialize, (22)));console.log("Proxy deployed at:", proxy);console.log("Implementation deployed at:", Upgrades.getImplementationAddress(proxy));console.log("Admin address at:", Upgrades.getAdminAddress(proxy));vm.stopBroadcast();}
}

执行 forge script 进行部署：

$ forge script script/LogicV1.s.sol --rpc-url https://sepolia.gateway.tenderly.co --broadcast --verify[⠒] Compiling...
No files changed, compilation skipped
Script ran successfully.== Logs ==Proxy deployed at: 0xDDDb96d38096Bc2acB1a43a0c5A29d4162ac0CB7Implementation deployed at: 0xF401a5f6E69bDC1c4BDa51e9Be7719338dB61096Admin address at: 0xCF5a9750169b0DA9408AEa6757912211692F1FCf

通过OpenZeppelin Upgrades 插件，我们部署了三个合约：

Logic 合约：也叫 Implementation 合约，即LogicV1。
Proxy 合约：透明代理合约，即TransparentUpgradeableProxy。
ProxyAdmin 合约：代理管理员合约，ProxyAdmin。

对应地址：

https://repo.sourcify.dev/11155111/0xF401a5f6E69bDC1c4BDa51e9Be7719338dB61096
https://repo.sourcify.dev/11155111/0xDDDb96d38096Bc2acB1a43a0c5A29d4162ac0CB7
https://repo.sourcify.dev/11155111/0xCF5a9750169b0DA9408AEa6757912211692F1FCf

这三个合约之间的关系如下：

管理员只能通过 ProxyAdmin 合约去调用 Proxy 合约的 upgradeToAndCall() 函数进行升级。

三、使用OpenZeppelin Upgrades 插件升级LogicV2

在 script/LogicV2.s.sol 中编写 LogicV1 -> LogicV2 的升级脚本：

// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED
pragma solidity ^0.8.30;import {Script} from "forge-std/Script.sol";
import {LogicV2} from "../src/LogicV2.sol";
import {console} from "forge-std/console.sol";
import {Upgrades} from "openzeppelin-foundry-upgrades/Upgrades.sol";
import {Options} from "openzeppelin-foundry-upgrades/Options.sol";contract LogicV2Script is Script {function setUp() public {}function run() public {// 部署的账户私钥uint256 deployerPrivateKey = vm.envUint("PRIVATE_KEY");// 代理合约地址address proxyAddress = vm.envAddress("PROXY_ADDRESS");// 升级选项，指定旧合约Options memory opts;opts.referenceContract = "LogicV1.sol";vm.startBroadcast(deployerPrivateKey);// 升级代理合约到 LogicV2，并调用 setNumber 函数设置新的值Upgrades.upgradeProxy(proxyAddress,"LogicV2.sol", // 要升级的合约abi.encodeCall(LogicV2.setNumber, (50)), // 调用新合约的函数opts);console.log("Proxy deployed at:", proxyAddress);console.log("New implementation deployed at:", Upgrades.getImplementationAddress(proxyAddress));vm.stopBroadcast();}
}

执行 forge script 进行升级：

$ forge script script/LogicV2.s.sol --rpc-url https://sepolia.gateway.tenderly.co --broadcast --verify[⠒] Compiling...
No files changed, compilation skipped
Script ran successfully.== Logs ==Proxy deployed at: 0xDDDb96d38096Bc2acB1a43a0c5A29d4162ac0CB7New implementation deployed at: 0x964D52fd3c94CA379Ab1ED3411f01EeFF8e99Bf5

新部署的LogicV2合约地址：https://repo.sourcify.dev/11155111/0x964D52fd3c94CA379Ab1ED3411f01EeFF8e99Bf5

查看Proxy合约的日志，可以看到有一次Upgraded调用更新了逻辑合约地址：