新概念英语第二册62_After the fire

Lesson 62: After the fire
大火之后

Key words and expressions

• get sth. under control 把。。。控制住
• desolate 荒凉的
• threaten 威胁
• destruction 破坏，毁灭
• authority 当局
• order 订购
• grass-seed 草籽
• spray 喷撒
• in huge quantities 大量地
• take root 生根，扎根
• in place of 代替
• patch 小片
• blackened 变黑的，发暗的

aero·plane n. /ˈeərəpleɪn/
( BrE ) ( NAmE air·plane ) ( BrE NAmE plane ) a flying vehicle with wings and one or more engines飞机

tempt v. /tempt/

1. to attract sb or make sb want to do or have sth, even if they know it is wrong引诱；诱惑
   [ VN ]
   • I was tempted by the dessert menu.甜食菜单馋得我垂涎欲滴。
   • Don’t tempt thieves by leaving valuables clearly visible.别把贵重物品放在显眼处招贼。
   [ VN to inf ]
   • I was tempted to take the day off.我动了心，想那一天休假。
2. to persuade or try to persuade sb to do sth that you want them to do, for example by offering them sth劝诱；鼓动；怂恿；利诱
   [ VN ]
   • How can we tempt young people into engineering?我们怎么才能吸引年轻人学习工程学呢？
   [ VN to inf ]
   • Nothing would tempt me to live here.什么也吸引不了我到这里居住。

temp·ta·tion n. /tempˈteɪʃn/

1. [ CU ]the desire to do or have sth that you know is bad or wrong引诱；诱惑
   • the temptation of easy profits轻而易举获利的诱惑
   • to give way to/yield to temptation 经不住诱惑
   • I couldn’t resist the temptation to open the letter.我抵制不住好奇心把信打开了。
   • Don’t put temptation in her way by offering her a cigarette.别递烟来引诱她。
2. [ C ]a thing that makes sb want to do or have sth that they know is bad or wrong煽诱人的事物
   • An expensive bicycle is a temptation to thieves.高档自行车对窃贼是个诱惑。

flood /flʌd/
WATER 水

1. [ CU ]a large amount of water covering an area that is usually dry洪水；水灾
   • The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country.大雨使全国许多地方泛滥成灾。
   • flood damage洪涝灾害
   • Police have issued flood warnings for Nevada.警方已经发布了内华达的水灾警告。
   • The river is in flood (= has more water in it than normal and has caused a flood) .河水泛滥。
   ——see alsoflash flood
   LARGE NUMBER 大量
2. [ C ]~ (of sth)a very large number of things or people that appear at the same time大批，大量（的人或事物）
   • a flood of complaints大量投诉
   • a flood of refugees难民潮

• The child was in floods of tears (= crying a lot) .小孩哭得泪人儿似的。

day·break n. /ˈdeɪbreɪk/
[ U ]the time of day when light first appears黎明；拂晓；破晓；天亮
SYN dawn
• We left before daybreak.我们是在黎明前出发的。

filth n. /fɪlθ/
[ U ]

1. any very dirty and unpleasant substance污物；污秽
   • The floor was covered in grease and filth.地板上满是油垢和污物。
2. words, magazines, etc. that are connected with sex and that are considered very rude and offensive下流言辞；淫秽书刊
   • How can you read such filth?你怎么能看这种淫秽读物？
3. the filth[ U ] ( BrE slang ) an offensive word for the police（骂人话）警察；雷子

Questions on the text

1. How long did it take the firemen to get the forest fire under control?
   1. It tooke them nearly three weeks.
2. Why were the surrounding villages of the hills threatened with destruction?
   1. Because
3. What did the forest authorities do after the fire had been put out?
   1. They ordered several tons of special type of grass seeds which would grow quickly.
4. What had begun to appear in the blackened soil in place of the great trees?
   1. It’s patches of green.

Language points

1. Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.

   1. fight cancer 抗癌
   2. fight temptation 抵制诱惑
   3. get/bring sth under control 把。。。控制住
      1. The flood has been brought under control. 洪水被控制住了。
      2. The authorities finally managed to get the situation under control.
   4. before 连词，才怎么样

2. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well.

   1. come on 可表示季节降临
      1. Rain came on just before daybreak. 开始
      2. I can feel a cold coming on. 快要。。。
   2. wash away 冲走
   3. wash off 洗掉
      1. Go and wash that filth off your hands.
   4. wash out 洗掉
      1. These ink stains won’t wash out.
   5. not only … but …

ink /ɪŋk/ n.&v.
[ UC ]coloured liquid for writing, drawing and printing墨水；墨汁；油墨
• written in ink 用墨水写的
• a pen and ink drawing钢笔画
• different coloured inks各种颜色的墨水

stain /steɪn/ v.&n.

1. ~ (sth) (with sth)to leave a mark that is difficult to remove on sth; to be marked in this way（被）玷污；留下污渍
   [ VN ]
   • I hope it doesn’t stain the carpet.希望它别把地毯弄脏。
   [ V ]
   • This carpet stains easily.这块地毯不耐脏。

2. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly.

   1. the local authorities 地方当局
   2. the military authorities 军事当局

3. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes.

   1. in huge quantities/in large quantities 大量地
   2. spray over 把。。。撒在。。。上
      1. He is spraying water over the flowers.

4. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root.

   1. 这里when表示在这个时候
   2. by then 到那时为止
   3. His ideas have taken root in the minds of his followers.

5. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.

   1. in place of: instead of
   2. which …定语从句
   3. green 这里是名词，表示草地
      1. They are dancing on the village green.

Key structures and usage

时态：过去完成进行时（一段时间）

1. Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.

2. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain.

3. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to apear in the blackened soil.

4. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well.

   1. 过去进行时
   2. 一般过去时
   3. 过去将来时

5. A short time before, great trees had covered the warm ground for miles around.

   1. before 以过去某个时间点的之前
   2. ago 是以现在为时间点的之前

6. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root.

Extension

environmental protection 环境保护