机器视觉VsionPro液位检测
VisionPro 液位检测项目完整笔记
这是工业液位 / 液面高度检测的标准方案:模板匹配定位 + 动态卡尺找液面 + 距离判定 OK/NG,适用于瓶装、杯装、试管类液位检测。
我把代码、工具、逻辑全部整理成可直接学习、复用的笔记,结构清晰、重点标注。
一、整体功能(一句话总结)
- 模板匹配(CogPMAlignTool)定位瓶子 / 容器位置
- 动态移动卡尺(CogCaliperTool2)到目标位置,精准找液面边缘点
- 画红色水平线标记液面位置
- 距离工具(CogDistanceSegmentLineTool)计算液面高度
- 判定 OK/NG并在图像上显示绿色 / 红色标签
- 图形叠加显示,直观判断液位是否合格
二、使用工具清单(核心 4 个工具)
表格
| 工具名称 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| CogPMAlignTool1 | 模板匹配:定位容器位置,解决产品偏移问题 |
| CogCaliperTool1 | 辅助卡尺(脚本未使用,一般用于定位基准线) |
| CogCaliperTool2 | 主检测卡尺:动态找液面边缘 |
| CogDistanceSegmentLineTool1 | 距离测量:计算液面到基准线的高度 |
| CogIPOneImageTool1 | 图像预处理(灰度 / 滤波,提升检测稳定性) |
三、代码逐段笔记(最核心)
1. 命名空间(固定引用)
c#
#region namespace imports using System; using System.Collections; using System.Drawing; using Cognex.VisionPro; using Cognex.VisionPro.ToolBlock; using Cognex.VisionPro.PMAlign; // 模板匹配 using Cognex.VisionPro.Caliper; // 卡尺 using Cognex.VisionPro.Dimensioning;// 距离/尺寸工具 using Cognex.VisionPro.ImageProcessing; // 图像处理 #endregion作用:导入 VisionPro 工具库,让脚本可以调用匹配、卡尺、距离工具。
2. 私有变量(脚本全局对象)
c#
#region Private Member Variables private CogToolBlock mToolBlock; // 工具块主体(固定) CogGraphicCollection gc = new CogGraphicCollection(); // 图形集合 #endregiongc:用来统一存放所有要画的线、文字,最后一次性显示- 比 List 更适合 VisionPro 图形管理
3. 主运行逻辑(最重要!逐行解析)
c#
// 1. 运行工具块里所有工具(预处理、匹配、卡尺等) foreach(ICogTool tool in mToolBlock.Tools) mToolBlock.RunTool(tool, ref message, ref result); // 2. 获取4个核心工具对象 CogPMAlignTool pma = mToolBlock.Tools["CogPMAlignTool1"] as CogPMAlignTool; CogCaliperTool c = mToolBlock.Tools["CogCaliperTool2"] as CogCaliperTool; CogDistanceSegmentLineTool dis = mToolBlock.Tools["CogDistanceSegmentLineTool1"] as CogDistanceSegmentLineTool; // 清空上一帧图形,避免重叠 gc.Clear(); // 3. 遍历匹配到的目标(支持多目标) foreach (CogPMAlignResult item in pma.Results) { // ====================== // 动态移动卡尺到匹配位置 // ====================== c.Region.CenterX = item.GetPose().TranslationX; c.Region.CenterY = item.GetPose().TranslationY; c.Run(); // 卡尺重新运行找边缘 // ====================== // 画红色水平线标记液面 // ====================== CogLineSegment s = new CogLineSegment(); s.StartX = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionX; // 液面X s.StartY = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionY; // 液面Y s.EndX = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionX + 20; // 向右画20像素 s.EndY = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionY; s.Color = CogColorConstants.Red; s.LineWidthInScreenPixels = 5; // 粗线,醒目 gc.Add(s); // 加入图形集合 // ====================== // 距离测量 + OK/NG判定 // ====================== CogGraphicLabel label = new CogGraphicLabel(); dis.Segment = s; // 把液面线段给距离工具 dis.Run(); // 计算距离(液面到基准线) // 阈值:>15 → NG ≤15 → OK if(dis.Distance > 15) { label.SetXYText(s.StartX, s.StartY, "NG"); label.Color = CogColorConstants.Red; } else { label.SetXYText(s.StartX, s.StartY, "OK"); label.Color = CogColorConstants.Green; } gc.Add(label); // 把OK/NG标签加入集合 } return false;核心逻辑总结
- 模板定位 → 动态移动卡尺(解决产品偏移)
- 卡尺找液面边缘点
- 画红线标记液面
- 距离工具算高度
- 阈值判定 OK/NG
- 图形存入集合等待显示
4. 图形叠加显示(最后一步)
c#
// 把所有线、标签画到输出图上 foreach(ICogGraphic g in gc) { mToolBlock.AddGraphicToRunRecord( g, lastRecord, "CogIPOneImageTool1.OutputImage", // 画在预处理后的图 "" ); }四、工具配置关键要点(必记)
1. CogPMAlignTool1(模板匹配)
- 学习模板:瓶身 / 瓶口固定特征
- 作用:得到产品 XY 坐标,让卡尺跟着产品动
2. CogCaliperTool2(液面检测卡尺)
- 边缘极性:明→暗 或 暗→明(根据液面是亮还是暗)
- 搜索方向:垂直向下 / 向上扫过液面
- 对比阈值:调高,避免干扰
3. CogDistanceSegmentLineTool1(距离工具)
- 一条线是基准线(标准液位)
- 另一条是卡尺找到的液面线
- 输出:两条线之间的垂直距离
五、关键知识点(面试 / 项目必背)
- 液位检测 = 模板定位 + 垂直卡尺找边缘
- 动态卡尺:匹配结果 XY → 卡尺中心 XY → 重新 Run
- 用
CogLineSegment画线标记液面 - 用
DistanceSegmentLine测高度差 - 图形统一存入
CogGraphicCollection - OK/NG 根据距离阈值判断
六、常见调整参数
- 液面 OK 高度:
if(dis.Distance > 15)里的15 - 红线长度:
+20可改长改短 - 红线粗细:
LineWidthInScreenPixels = 5 - 卡尺位置:根据匹配结果偏移微调 XY
七、完整流程图示
plaintext
图像采集 → 预处理(IPOne) → 模板匹配(PMAlign) → 动态移动卡尺(Caliper2) → 找液面边缘 → 画红线 → 距离计算 → OK/NG判定 → 图形叠加显示总结
这是最标准、最稳定、工业最常用的 VisionPro 液位检测方案:
- 鲁棒性强(模板匹配抗偏移)
- 精度高(卡尺亚像素边缘)
- 直观(红线 + OK/NG 标签)
- 可扩展多目标、多容器
工具:
参数:
CogCaliperTool1
CogCaliperTool2
脚本:
命名空间:
#region namespace imports
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Cognex.VisionPro;
using Cognex.VisionPro.ToolBlock;
using Cognex.VisionPro3D;
using Cognex.VisionPro.ImageProcessing;
using Cognex.VisionPro.PMAlign;
using Cognex.VisionPro.Caliper;
using Cognex.VisionPro.Dimensioning;
#endregion
第一部分:
#region Private Member Variables
private Cognex.VisionPro.ToolBlock.CogToolBlock mToolBlock;
CogGraphicCollection gc = new CogGraphicCollection();
#endregion
第二部分:
// Run each tool using the RunTool function
foreach(ICogTool tool in mToolBlock.Tools)
mToolBlock.RunTool(tool, ref message, ref result);
CogPMAlignTool pma = mToolBlock.Tools["CogPMAlignTool1"] as CogPMAlignTool;
CogCaliperTool c = mToolBlock.Tools["CogCaliperTool2"] as CogCaliperTool;
CogDistanceSegmentLineTool dis = mToolBlock.Tools["CogDistanceSegmentLineTool1"] as CogDistanceSegmentLineTool;
gc.Clear();
foreach ( CogPMAlignResult item in pma.Results)
{
c.Region.CenterX = item.GetPose().TranslationX;
c.Region.CenterY = item.GetPose().TranslationY;
c.Run();
CogLineSegment s = new CogLineSegment();
s.StartX = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionX;
s.StartY = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionY;
s.EndX = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionX + 20;
s.EndY = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionY;
s.Color = CogColorConstants.Red;
s.LineWidthInScreenPixels = 5;
gc.Add(s);
CogGraphicLabel label = new CogGraphicLabel();
dis.Segment = s;
dis.Run();
if( dis.Distance > 15 )
{
//NG
label.SetXYText( s.StartX, s.StartY, "NG");
label.Color = CogColorConstants.Red;
}
else
{
//OK
label.SetXYText(s.StartX, s.StartY, "OK");
label.Color = CogColorConstants.Green;
}
gc.Add(label);
}
return false;
第三部分:
foreach( ICogGraphic g in gc)
{
mToolBlock.AddGraphicToRunRecord(g,lastRecord,"CogIPOneImageTool1.OutputImage","");
}
完整代码:
#region namespace imports using System; using System.Collections; using System.Drawing; using System.IO; using System.Windows.Forms; using Cognex.VisionPro; using Cognex.VisionPro.ToolBlock; using Cognex.VisionPro3D; using Cognex.VisionPro.ImageProcessing; using Cognex.VisionPro.PMAlign; using Cognex.VisionPro.Caliper; using Cognex.VisionPro.Dimensioning; #endregion public class CogToolBlockAdvancedScript : CogToolBlockAdvancedScriptBase { #region Private Member Variables private Cognex.VisionPro.ToolBlock.CogToolBlock mToolBlock; CogGraphicCollection gc = new CogGraphicCollection(); #endregion /// <summary> /// Called when the parent tool is run. /// Add code here to customize or replace the normal run behavior. /// </summary> /// <param name="message">Sets the Message in the tool's RunStatus.</param> /// <param name="result">Sets the Result in the tool's RunStatus</param> /// <returns>True if the tool should run normally, /// False if GroupRun customizes run behavior</returns> public override bool GroupRun(ref string message, ref CogToolResultConstants result) { // To let the execution stop in this script when a debugger is attached, uncomment the following lines. // #if DEBUG // if (System.Diagnostics.Debugger.IsAttached) System.Diagnostics.Debugger.Break(); // #endif // Run each tool using the RunTool function foreach(ICogTool tool in mToolBlock.Tools) mToolBlock.RunTool(tool, ref message, ref result); CogPMAlignTool pma = mToolBlock.Tools["CogPMAlignTool1"] as CogPMAlignTool; CogCaliperTool c = mToolBlock.Tools["CogCaliperTool2"] as CogCaliperTool; CogDistanceSegmentLineTool dis = mToolBlock.Tools["CogDistanceSegmentLineTool1"] as CogDistanceSegmentLineTool; gc.Clear(); foreach ( CogPMAlignResult item in pma.Results) { c.Region.CenterX = item.GetPose().TranslationX; c.Region.CenterY = item.GetPose().TranslationY; c.Run(); CogLineSegment s = new CogLineSegment(); s.StartX = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionX; s.StartY = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionY; s.EndX = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionX + 20; s.EndY = c.Results.Edges[0].PositionY; s.Color = CogColorConstants.Red; s.LineWidthInScreenPixels = 5; gc.Add(s); CogGraphicLabel label = new CogGraphicLabel(); dis.Segment = s; dis.Run(); if( dis.Distance > 15 ) { //NG label.SetXYText( s.StartX, s.StartY, "NG"); label.Color = CogColorConstants.Red; } else { //OK label.SetXYText(s.StartX, s.StartY, "OK"); label.Color = CogColorConstants.Green; } gc.Add(label); } return false; } #region When the Current Run Record is Created /// <summary> /// Called when the current record may have changed and is being reconstructed /// </summary> /// <param name="currentRecord"> /// The new currentRecord is available to be initialized or customized.</param> public override void ModifyCurrentRunRecord(Cognex.VisionPro.ICogRecord currentRecord) { } #endregion #region When the Last Run Record is Created /// <summary> /// Called when the last run record may have changed and is being reconstructed /// </summary> /// <param name="lastRecord"> /// The new last run record is available to be initialized or customized.</param> public override void ModifyLastRunRecord(Cognex.VisionPro.ICogRecord lastRecord) { foreach( ICogGraphic g in gc) { mToolBlock.AddGraphicToRunRecord( g, lastRecord, "CogIPOneImageTool1.OutputImage",""); } } #endregion #region When the Script is Initialized /// <summary> /// Perform any initialization required by your script here /// </summary> /// <param name="host">The host tool</param> public override void Initialize(Cognex.VisionPro.ToolGroup.CogToolGroup host) { // DO NOT REMOVE - Call the base class implementation first - DO NOT REMOVE base.Initialize(host); // Store a local copy of the script host this.mToolBlock = ((Cognex.VisionPro.ToolBlock.CogToolBlock)(host)); } #endregion }