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从零到一：用Activiti 7.1.0.M5 + MyBatis-Plus构建一个可运行的请假审批Demo（附完整代码）

news 2026/5/6 9:12:25

从零到一：用Activiti 7.1.0.M5 + MyBatis-Plus构建一个可运行的请假审批Demo（附完整代码）

在企业内部管理系统中，请假审批是最常见的业务流程之一。传统的手工审批方式效率低下，而通过工作流引擎实现自动化审批可以显著提升流程效率。本文将手把手教你如何用Activiti 7.1.0.M5和MyBatis-Plus构建一个完整的请假审批系统，从环境搭建到API实现，涵盖全流程开发要点。

1. 环境准备与项目初始化

1.1 技术选型与依赖配置

我们选择以下技术栈构建请假审批系统：

工作流引擎：Activiti 7.1.0.M5
ORM框架：MyBatis-Plus 3.3.1
数据库：PostgreSQL 13.12
Web框架：Spring Boot 2.5.0

在pom.xml中添加关键依赖：

<dependencies> <!-- Activiti Starter --> <dependency> <groupId>org.activiti</groupId> <artifactId>activiti-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>7.1.0.M5</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <!-- MyBatis-Plus --> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>3.3.1</version> </dependency> <!-- PostgreSQL驱动 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId> <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>

1.2 数据库配置

在application.yml中配置数据库连接：

spring: datasource: url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/activiti_demo username: postgres password: yourpassword driver-class-name: org.postgresql.Driver activiti: database-schema-update: true history-level: full db-history-used: true

提示：database-schema-update: true会在应用启动时自动创建Activiti所需的表结构

2. 业务流程建模与实现

2.1 请假流程设计

我们设计一个典型的请假审批流程：

员工提交请假申请
部门经理审批
HR备案
流程结束

对应的BPMN流程图如下（使用Activiti Modeler设计）：

<bpmn2:definitions> <bpmn2:process id="leaveProcess" name="请假流程"> <bpmn2:startEvent id="startEvent" name="开始"/> <bpmn2:userTask id="applyTask" name="提交请假申请"/> <bpmn2:userTask id="managerApproveTask" name="部门经理审批"/> <bpmn2:userTask id="hrRecordTask" name="HR备案"/> <bpmn2:endEvent id="endEvent" name="结束"/> <!-- 流程连线 --> <bpmn2:sequenceFlow sourceRef="startEvent" targetRef="applyTask"/> <bpmn2:sequenceFlow sourceRef="applyTask" targetRef="managerApproveTask"/> <bpmn2:sequenceFlow sourceRef="managerApproveTask" targetRef="hrRecordTask"/> <bpmn2:sequenceFlow sourceRef="hrRecordTask" targetRef="endEvent"/> </bpmn2:process> </bpmn2:definitions>

2.2 流程部署实现

创建流程部署服务类：

@Service public class ProcessDeployService { @Autowired private RepositoryService repositoryService; public void deployProcess(String processName, String bpmnXml) { Deployment deployment = repositoryService.createDeployment() .name(processName) .addString(processName + ".bpmn20.xml", bpmnXml) .deploy(); System.out.println("流程部署成功，部署ID：" + deployment.getId()); } }

3. 业务实体与数据层实现

3.1 请假实体设计

使用MyBatis-Plus实现请假单实体：

@Data @TableName("t_leave_application") public class LeaveApplication { @TableId(type = IdType.AUTO) private Long id; private String employeeId; private String employeeName; private Date startDate; private Date endDate; private Integer leaveType; private String reason; private String processInstanceId; private Integer status; }

3.2 MyBatis-Plus Mapper实现

public interface LeaveApplicationMapper extends BaseMapper<LeaveApplication> { @Select("SELECT * FROM t_leave_application WHERE process_instance_id = #{processInstanceId}") LeaveApplication findByProcessInstanceId(String processInstanceId); }

4. 服务层与API实现

4.1 请假申请服务

@Service @Transactional public class LeaveService { @Autowired private RuntimeService runtimeService; @Autowired private TaskService taskService; @Autowired private LeaveApplicationMapper leaveApplicationMapper; public String startLeaveProcess(LeaveApplication leaveApplication) { // 保存请假单 leaveApplication.setStatus(0); // 0-待审批 leaveApplicationMapper.insert(leaveApplication); // 启动流程实例 Map<String, Object> variables = new HashMap<>(); variables.put("employeeId", leaveApplication.getEmployeeId()); variables.put("leaveApplicationId", leaveApplication.getId()); ProcessInstance instance = runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey( "leaveProcess", variables); // 关联流程实例ID leaveApplication.setProcessInstanceId(instance.getProcessInstanceId()); leaveApplicationMapper.updateById(leaveApplication); return instance.getProcessInstanceId(); } }

4.2 审批API实现

@RestController @RequestMapping("/api/leave") public class LeaveController { @Autowired private LeaveService leaveService; @PostMapping("/apply") public Result applyLeave(@RequestBody LeaveApplication leaveApplication) { String processId = leaveService.startLeaveProcess(leaveApplication); return Result.success(processId); } @PostMapping("/approve/{taskId}") public Result approveLeave(@PathVariable String taskId, @RequestParam boolean approved) { Map<String, Object> variables = new HashMap<>(); variables.put("approved", approved); taskService.complete(taskId, variables); return Result.success(); } }

5. 流程任务查询与处理

5.1 任务查询服务

@Service public class TaskQueryService { @Autowired private TaskService taskService; public List<Task> getUserTasks(String userId) { return taskService.createTaskQuery() .taskCandidateOrAssigned(userId) .list(); } public List<Task> getTasksByProcessInstanceId(String processInstanceId) { return taskService.createTaskQuery() .processInstanceId(processInstanceId) .list(); } }

5.2 前端任务列表展示

典型的前端任务列表数据结构：

{ "tasks": [ { "id": "task1", "name": "部门经理审批", "createTime": "2023-05-10T10:00:00", "processInstanceId": "proc1", "formKey": "manager_approval" } ] }

6. 系统集成与测试

6.1 测试用例编写

@SpringBootTest public class LeaveProcessTest { @Autowired private LeaveService leaveService; @Autowired private TaskQueryService taskQueryService; @Test public void testLeaveProcess() { // 1. 创建请假申请 LeaveApplication leave = new LeaveApplication(); leave.setEmployeeId("emp001"); leave.setStartDate(new Date()); leave.setEndDate(DateUtils.addDays(new Date(), 3)); leave.setLeaveType(1); leave.setReason("年假"); String processId = leaveService.startLeaveProcess(leave); assertNotNull(processId); // 2. 查询部门经理待办任务 List<Task> managerTasks = taskQueryService.getUserTasks("manager001"); assertEquals(1, managerTasks.size()); // 3. 部门经理审批 leaveService.approveLeave(managerTasks.get(0).getId(), true); // 4. 查询HR待办任务 List<Task> hrTasks = taskQueryService.getUserTasks("hr001"); assertEquals(1, hrTasks.size()); } }

6.2 接口测试数据

使用Postman测试请假申请接口：

POST /api/leave/apply Content-Type: application/json { "employeeId": "emp001", "employeeName": "张三", "startDate": "2023-05-10", "endDate": "2023-05-12", "leaveType": 1, "reason": "病假" }

7. 高级功能扩展

7.1 动态任务分配

在实际项目中，审批人可能需要动态指定。可以通过监听器实现：

@Component public class LeaveTaskAssignmentListener implements TaskListener { @Override public void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) { if ("managerApproveTask".equals(delegateTask.getTaskDefinitionKey())) { // 根据业务规则动态设置审批人 String employeeId = (String) delegateTask.getVariable("employeeId"); String managerId = findManagerByEmployee(employeeId); delegateTask.setAssignee(managerId); } } private String findManagerByEmployee(String employeeId) { // 实现查找员工对应的部门经理逻辑 return "manager001"; } }

7.2 流程变量管理

Activiti提供了强大的流程变量管理能力：

// 设置流程变量 runtimeService.setVariable(processInstanceId, "approvalComment", "同意"); // 获取流程变量 String comment = (String) runtimeService.getVariable(processInstanceId, "approvalComment");

8. 系统监控与维护

8.1 流程实例监控

public List<ProcessInstance> getRunningProcessInstances() { return runtimeService.createProcessInstanceQuery() .processDefinitionKey("leaveProcess") .list(); } public HistoricProcessInstance getProcessHistory(String processInstanceId) { return historyService.createHistoricProcessInstanceQuery() .processInstanceId(processInstanceId) .singleResult(); }

8.2 性能优化建议

数据库索引优化：为ACT_RU_TASK表的PROC_INST_ID_字段添加索引
批量操作：使用批量API处理大量任务
缓存配置：启用Activiti二级缓存

CREATE INDEX idx_act_ru_task_procinst ON ACT_RU_TASK(PROC_INST_ID_);

9. 常见问题解决方案

9.1 事务管理问题

Activiti与Spring事务集成时需要注意：

@Transactional public void completeTaskWithBusinessLogic(String taskId) { // 业务逻辑处理 businessService.updateStatus(); // 完成任务 taskService.complete(taskId); // 如果业务逻辑抛出异常，整个事务会回滚 }

9.2 多数据源配置

当业务数据与Activiti数据需要分开存储时：

spring: datasource: url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/business_db username: business_user password: business_pwd activiti: datasource: url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/activiti_db username: activiti_user password: activiti_pwd

10. 完整项目结构参考

leave-approval-demo ├── src/main/java │ ├── com/example/demo │ │ ├── config # 配置类 │ │ ├── controller # 控制器 │ │ ├── entity # 实体类 │ │ ├── mapper # MyBatis Mapper │ │ ├── service # 服务层 │ │ ├── listener # 流程监听器 │ │ └── DemoApplication.java ├── src/main/resources │ ├── static # 静态资源 │ ├── templates # 模板文件 │ └── application.yml # 配置文件 └── pom.xml

在实际开发中，我们还需要考虑异常处理、日志记录、权限控制等通用功能。这个Demo项目已经包含了Activiti与MyBatis-Plus整合的核心代码，可以作为企业OA系统开发的基础框架。

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