C# 实时查看硬件使用率（CPU / 内存 / 硬盘 / 网络）

一、整体架构

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    硬件资源监控系统                         │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  数据采集层   │  业务逻辑层   │  展示层        │  告警层    │
│               │               │                │            │
│  • PerformanceCounter        │  • 数据缓存    │  • WinForms │
│  • WMI (ManagementObject)   │  • 定时采样    │  • WPF      │
│  • System.Diagnostics       │  • 历史记录    │  • 上位机   │
│  • SNMP / SSH (远程)        │  • 阈值判断    │  • Web API  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

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二、方案一：本机实时监控

适合：上位机、工业PC、边缘网关

2.1 核心类（HardwareMonitor.cs）

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Management;
using System.Threading;namespace HardwareMonitor
{public class HardwareMonitor{private readonly Timer _timer;private readonly int _intervalMs;public delegate void HardwareDataHandler(HardwareData data);public event HardwareDataHandler OnDataUpdated;public HardwareMonitor(int intervalMs = 1000){_intervalMs = intervalMs;_timer = new Timer(Collect, null, Timeout.Infinite, Timeout.Infinite);}public void Start() => _timer.Change(0, _intervalMs);public void Stop() => _timer.Change(Timeout.Infinite, Timeout.Infinite);private void Collect(object state){var data = new HardwareData{CpuUsage = GetCpuUsage(),MemoryUsedMb = GetMemoryUsed(),MemoryTotalMb = GetMemoryTotal(),DiskUsage = GetDiskUsage(),NetworkSentKBps = GetNetworkSent(),NetworkReceivedKBps = GetNetworkReceived(),Temperature = GetCpuTemperature()};OnDataUpdated?.Invoke(data);}#region CPUprivate float GetCpuUsage(){using var cpu = new PerformanceCounter("Processor", "% Processor Time", "_Total");cpu.NextValue();Thread.Sleep(100);return cpu.NextValue();}#endregion#region Memoryprivate float GetMemoryUsed(){using var mem = new PerformanceCounter("Memory", "Committed Bytes");return mem.NextValue() / 1024 / 1024;}private float GetMemoryTotal(){using var mem = new PerformanceCounter("Memory", "Commit Limit");return mem.NextValue() / 1024 / 1024;}#endregion#region Diskprivate float GetDiskUsage(){using var disk = new PerformanceCounter("PhysicalDisk", "% Disk Time", "_Total");disk.NextValue();Thread.Sleep(100);return disk.NextValue();}#endregion#region Networkprivate float GetNetworkSent(){using var net = new PerformanceCounter("Network Interface", "Bytes Sent/sec", GetNetworkCard());return net.NextValue() / 1024;}private float GetNetworkReceived(){using var net = new PerformanceCounter("Network Interface", "Bytes Received/sec", GetNetworkCard());return net.NextValue() / 1024;}private string GetNetworkCard(){using var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT Name FROM Win32_NetworkAdapter WHERE NetEnabled = true");foreach (ManagementObject obj in searcher.Get())return obj["Name"].ToString();return "";}#endregion#region Temperature (WMI)private float GetCpuTemperature(){try{using var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(@"root\WMI", "SELECT CurrentTemperature FROM MSAcpi_ThermalZoneTemperature");foreach (ManagementObject obj in searcher.Get()){var temp = Convert.ToDouble(obj["CurrentTemperature"].ToString());return (float)(temp / 10.0 - 273.15); // Kelvin → Celsius}}catch { }return 0;}#endregion}public class HardwareData{public float CpuUsage { get; set; }public float MemoryUsedMb { get; set; }public float MemoryTotalMb { get; set; }public float DiskUsage { get; set; }public float NetworkSentKBps { get; set; }public float NetworkReceivedKBps { get; set; }public float Temperature { get; set; }public override string ToString(){return $"CPU:{CpuUsage:F1}%  MEM:{MemoryUsedMb:F0}/{MemoryTotalMb:F0}MB  DISK:{DiskUsage:F1}%  TEMP:{Temperature:F1}℃";}}
}

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三、WPF 实时显示

3.1 MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="HardwareMonitor.MainWindow"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"Title="硬件实时监控" Height="320" Width="400"><StackPanel Margin="20"><TextBlock Text="CPU 使用率" FontWeight="Bold"/><ProgressBar x:Name="CpuBar" Height="20" Maximum="100"/><TextBlock x:Name="CpuText"/><TextBlock Text="内存使用" FontWeight="Bold" Margin="0,10,0,0"/><ProgressBar x:Name="MemBar" Height="20" Maximum="100"/><TextBlock x:Name="MemText"/><TextBlock Text="硬盘使用" FontWeight="Bold" Margin="0,10,0,0"/><ProgressBar x:Name="DiskBar" Height="20" Maximum="100"/><TextBlock Text="CPU 温度" FontWeight="Bold" Margin="0,10,0,0"/><TextBlock x:Name="TempText" FontSize="16" Foreground="Red"/></StackPanel>
</Window>

3.2 MainWindow.xaml.cs

using System.Windows;namespace HardwareMonitor
{public partial class MainWindow : Window{private readonly HardwareMonitor _monitor;public MainWindow(){InitializeComponent();_monitor = new HardwareMonitor(1000);_monitor.OnDataUpdated += UpdateUI;_monitor.Start();}private void UpdateUI(HardwareData data){Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>{CpuBar.Value = data.CpuUsage;CpuText.Text = $"{data.CpuUsage:F1}%";MemBar.Value = data.MemoryUsedMb / data.MemoryTotalMb * 100;MemText.Text = $"{data.MemoryUsedMb:F0} MB / {data.MemoryTotalMb:F0} MB";DiskBar.Value = data.DiskUsage;TempText.Text = $"{data.Temperature:F1} ℃";});}}
}

参考代码 C# 实时查看 硬件使用率(CPU/内存/硬盘等) www.youwenfan.com/contentcnu/62418.html

四、远程设备监控

4.1 通过 WMI 监控远程 Windows 设备

public static float GetRemoteCpuUsage(string ip, string user, string pwd)
{var options = new ConnectionOptions{Username = user,Password = pwd,Impersonation = ImpersonationLevel.Impersonate};var scope = new ManagementScope($"\\\\{ip}\\root\\cimv2", options);scope.Connect();using var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(scope, new ObjectQuery("SELECT LoadPercentage FROM Win32_Processor"));foreach (ManagementObject obj in searcher.Get())return Convert.ToSingle(obj["LoadPercentage"]);return 0;
}

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五、Linux / ARM / 嵌入式（STM32 上位机）

// Linux
cat /proc/cpuinfo
cat /proc/meminfo
df -h

public static float GetLinuxCpuUsage()
{var cpu = File.ReadAllText("/proc/stat").Split('\n')[0];return ParseCpu(cpu);
}