Linux 系统安装 MySQL(CentOS8/Ubuntu),命令行实操完整版
前言
开发和服务器部署基本都是 Linux 环境,本篇手把手教你CentOS8 和 Ubuntu两大主流系统命令行安装 MySQL,全程命令复制即用,无多余操作。
一、通用前置准备
关闭防火墙、关闭 SELinux(服务器环境可选)
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# CentOS systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld # Ubuntu ufw allow 3306二、CentOS8 安装 MySQL
- 安装 MySQL 源
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dnf install -y https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el8-3.noarch.rpm- 安装 MySQL 服务
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dnf install -y mysql-community-server- 启动并设置开机自启
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systemctl start mysqld systemctl enable mysqld- 查看初始临时密码
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grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log- 登录修改密码
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mysql -uroot -p ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Root@123456';- 开启远程连接
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CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Root@123456'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;三、Ubuntu 安装 MySQL
- 更新软件源
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apt update- 直接安装
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apt install mysql-server -y- 启动自启
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systemctl start mysql systemctl enable mysql- 进入配置授权远程访问
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sudo mysqlsql
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456'; CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;- 修改配置允许外网连接编辑
/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf把bind-address = 127.0.0.1注释掉,重启 MySQL。
四、常用运维命令
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# 启动/停止/重启 systemctl start mysqld systemctl stop mysqld systemctl restart mysqld # 查看状态 systemctl status mysqld