TestNG + 数据库 + 断言
1. pom.xml 依赖（全覆盖）
xml
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.testng</groupId> <artifactId>testng</artifactId> <version>7.8.0</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- MySQL --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId> <version>8.0.33</version> </dependency> <!-- Oracle --> <dependency> <groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId> <artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId> <version>21.1.0.0</version> </dependency> <!-- PostgreSQL --> <dependency> <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId> <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId> <version>42.6.0</version> </dependency> <!-- SQL Server --> <dependency> <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId> <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId> <version>12.4.0.jre11</version> </dependency> </dependencies>2. 数据库连接工具类（你只改这里 4 行）
DBUtil.java
java
运行
import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; public class DBUtil { // ====================== 你只改这 4 行 ====================== private static final String DB_TYPE = "mysql"; // mysql/oracle/pg/sqlserver private static final String IP = "localhost"; private static final String DB_NAME = "testdb"; private static final String USER = "root"; private static final String PASSWORD = "123456"; // ========================================================== private static String getUrl() { return switch (DB_TYPE) { case "mysql" -> "jdbc:mysql://" + IP + ":3306/" + DB_NAME + "?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC"; case "oracle" -> "jdbc:oracle:thin:@//" + IP + ":1521/" + DB_NAME; case "pg" -> "jdbc:postgresql://" + IP + ":5432/" + DB_NAME; case "sqlserver" -> "jdbc:sqlserver://" + IP + ":1433;databaseName=" + DB_NAME + ";encrypt=false"; default -> throw new RuntimeException("不支持的数据库"); }; } public static Connection getConnection() { try { Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(getUrl(), USER, PASSWORD); System.out.println("✅ 数据库连接成功"); return conn; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } } public static void close(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstmt, ResultSet rs) { try { if (rs != null) rs.close(); if (pstmt != null) pstmt.close(); if (conn != null) conn.close(); System.out.println("✅ 资源已关闭"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }3. TestNG 数据库断言测试类（最常用 5 种断言）
DbAssertTest.java
java
运行
import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; import org.testng.annotations.Test; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; public class DbAssertTest { private Connection conn; @BeforeTest public void connect() { conn = DBUtil.getConnection(); } // ====================== 数据库断言（核心） ====================== @Test public void testDataFromDB() { String sql = "SELECT username, age, status FROM user WHERE id=?"; // 改你的SQL try (PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) { pstmt.setInt(1, 1001); // 参数 ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery(); if (rs.next()) { // 1. 相等断言 Assert.assertEquals(rs.getString("username"), "zhangsan", "用户名错误"); // 2. 数字断言 Assert.assertEquals(rs.getInt("age"), 25, "年龄错误"); // 3. 非空断言 Assert.assertNotNull(rs.getString("username"), "用户名不能为空"); // 4. 布尔/状态断言 Assert.assertEquals(rs.getInt("status"), 1, "状态必须为启用"); // 5. 真/假断言 Assert.assertTrue(rs.getInt("age") > 18, "年龄必须大于18"); } else { Assert.fail("❌ 未查询到数据"); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); Assert.fail("❌ 数据库执行失败：" + e.getMessage()); } } @AfterTest public void close() { DBUtil.close(conn, null, null); } }