OSPF联邦作业
1、每个设备存在两个环回接口
a.一个接口使用设备编号创建环回，掩码为32
示例：R1的环回为1.1.1.1/32
该环回用来建立BGP对等体关系或者作为BGP Router-ID使用
b.另一个环回接口使用设备编号创建，地址为192.168.X.0/24
示例：R1的环回为192.168.1.0/24
该环回用来模拟用户网段，节省拓扑图中的Pc数量
c.其余网段自行规划
2、所有设备启动BGP协议
原因：避免BGP路由黑洞问题
3、在一个AS内部，建立全连接的IBGP对等体关系
原因：避免IBGP水平分割问题带来的路由传递故障
4、按照图示建立EBGP对等体和IBGP对等体关系
5、BGP仅传递用于模拟用户网段的接口路由信息
6、AS内部如有需要，自行选择IGP协议进行运行
7、实现所有模拟PC的环回接口之间相互通讯
规划172.16.0.0/16的IP地址
172.16.0.0/24 --- 设备互联 172.16.0.0/30 172.16.0.4/30 172.16.0.8/30 172.16.0.12/30 172.16.0.16/30 172.16.0.20/30 172.16.1.0/24 --- 建邻 172.16.1.2/32 --- R2 172.16.1.3/32 --- R3 172.16.1.4/32 --- R4 172.16.1.5/32 --- R5 172.16.1.6/32 --- R6 172.16.1.7/32 --- R7 172.16.2.0/24 --- R2 172.16.3.0/24 --- R3 172.16.4.0/24 --- R4 172.16.5.0/24 --- R5 172.16.6.0/24 --- R6 172.16.7.0/24 --- R7配置IP地址
R1： [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.0.0.1 24 [R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24 [R1-LoopBack1]ip address 10.1.1.1 24 R2： [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.0.0.2 24 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.1 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 172.16.0.9 30 [R2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.1.2 32 [R2-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.2.1 24 [R2-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast R3： [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.2 30 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.5 30 [R3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.1.3 32 [R3-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.3.1 24 [R3-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast R4： [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.6 30 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.13 30 [R4-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.1.4 32 [R4-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.4.1 24 [R4-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast R5： [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.10 30 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.17 30 [R5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.1.5 32 [R5-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.5.1 24 [R5-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast R6： [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.18 30 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.21 30 [R6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.1.6 32 [R6-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.6.1 24 [R6-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast R7： [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.14 30 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.22 30 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 78.0.0.7 24 [R7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.1.7 32 [R7-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.7.1 24、 [R7-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast R8： [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 78.0.0.8 24 [R8-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.2.1 24 [R8-LoopBack1]ip address 11.1.1.1 24运行IGP协议实现全网可达
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4 [R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5 [R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255BGP建邻
R1： [R1]bgp 1 [R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1 [R1-bgp]peer 12.0.0.2 as-number 2 R2: [R2]bgp 64512--- 联邦成员启动BGP时，使用成员AS号 [R2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2 [R2-bgp]confederation id 2--- 指定当前所属的联邦AS [R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513--- 在需要建立联邦EBGP对等体关系的设备上，指定与本地建立邻居的成员AS号 [R2-bgp]peer 12.0.0.1 as-number 1 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 ebgp-max-hop--- 修改EBGP对等体关系的TTL数值，不带数值，默认为255 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 next-hop-local [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 next-hop-local R3: [R3]bgp 64512 [R3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3 [R3-bgp]confederation id 2 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64512 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64512 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0 R4: [R4]bgp 64512 [R4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4 [R4-bgp]confederation id 2 [R4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513 [R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512 [R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513 [R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebgp-max-hop R5: [R5]bgp 64513 [R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5 [R5-bgp]confederation id 2 [R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64512 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 ebgp-max-hop R6: [R6]bgp 64513 [R6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6 [R6-bgp]confederation id 2 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 R7: [R7]bgp 64513 [R7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7 [R7-bgp]confederation id 2 [R7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512 [R7-bgp]peer 78.0.0.8 as-number 3 [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513 [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64512 [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 ebgp-max-hop [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 next-hop-local [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 next-hop-local R8： [R8]bgp 3 [R8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8 [R8-bgp]peer 78.0.0.7 as-number 2BGP路由通告
[R1]bgp 1 [R1-bgp]network 10.1.1.0 24 [R8]bgp 3 [R8-bgp]network 11.1.1.0 24 [R2]ip ip-prefix aa permit 172.16.0.0 16 greater-equal 24 less-equal 24 [R2]route-policy aa permit node 10 [R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix aa [R2]bgp 64512 [R2-bgp]import-route ospf 1 route-policy aa [R7]ip ip-prefix aa permit 172.16.0.0 16 greater-equal 24 less-equal 24 [R7]route-policy aa permit node 10 [R7-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix aa [R7]bgp 64513 [R7-bgp]import-route ospf 1 route-policy aa反射器：
[R3]bgp 64512 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 reflect-client --- 设定为客户 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 reflect-client [R6]bgp 64513 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 reflect-client [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 reflect-client手工配置链路聚合
[R2]bgp 64512 [R2-bgp]aggregate 172.16.0.0 255.255.248.0 detail-suppressed as-set [R7]bgp 64513 [R7-bgp]aggregate 172.16.0.0 255.255.248.0 detail-suppressed as-set配置GRE
[R1]int t 0/0/0 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 18.0.0.1 24 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.1.1.1 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 11.1.1.1 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 18.0.0.8 [R8]int t 0/0/0 [R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 18.0.0.8 24 [R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre [R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 11.1.1.1 [R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 10.1.1.1 [R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 18.0.0.1