当前位置：首页 > news >正文

some notes about new conception 1-4

news 2026/5/11 23:34:14

These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did.
but 放在句中，有时候表示though，这两个词不能放一起。

hat is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch

something like :大约

Such inns as there were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine.
句子结构是：Such inns as there were(主语) +[were](系动词，原文中若严格语法应有，但文学作品中常直接接形容词短语作谓语部分，或者generally副词修饰形容词)。

主语:Such inns
定语从句:as there were(修饰 inns)
谓语部分:(were) generally dirty and flea-ridden。

解析: 这里的as是关系代词，引导定语从句as there were，并在从句中作there were的主语（或宾语，取决于存在句的分析，通常视为引导词）。
易错: 误将as当作连词或介词，导致翻译错误（如翻译成“因为”）。正确理解是“像……那样的旅馆（即仅有的那些旅馆）”。

Such inns as there were
= Such inns as existed
= The inns that there were
= The inns that existed

类似用法：

He gave me such books as he had.
= He gave me the books that he had.
Such people as knew him liked him.
= The people who knew him liked him

accompanied by 被……陪伴 → 在这里是“搭配……一起吃”。

bread often twelve months old

twelve months old 一年陈的（夸张说法，说明面包又干又硬）
数字 + 时间单位 + old 作后置定语
- a boy ten years old

独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）

定义：一个名词/代词 + 分词/形容词/介词短语，构成一个短语，在句中作状语，表示伴随情况、原因、时间等。它有自己的逻辑主语，与主句主语不同。

整个短语 = all washed down with coarse wine
= and all of this was washed down with coarse wine

wash down(phrasal verb): 冲下，送服（食物）

washed down with（用……送下/服下）

类似例子：

He stood there,his hands crossedbehind his back.
（他站在那里，双手交叉在背后。）
Dinner ready, we sat down.
（晚饭准备好了，我们坐下。）
All things considered, it’s a good plan.
（通盘考虑，这是个好计划。）

For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed.

accustomed to 习惯于……

be accustomed to = be used to
to 是介词，后面跟名词或动名词

course 一道菜

sheets 床单 between sheets 表示"在床单之间睡觉"是地道表达

must + have + 过去分词：表示对过去的推测，否定形式是can't have been(不可能是)，不是mustn't have been

must be(现在推测)

In the Soviet Union several cases have been reported recently of people who can read and detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid doors and walls.

分隔结构(或后置定语后移)，是为了保持句子平衡

正常语序：The news that he won the prize surprised everyone.
分隔结构：The news surprised everyonethat he won the prize.

Soviet Union 苏联

cases of people = 关于人的案例

see through通常有“看穿（谎言）”和“透视（物体）”两个意思。

One case concerns an eleven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls.
but连接的两个who引导的从句，共同修饰先行词Vera Petrova

在who..., but who...结构中，为了保持结构的平衡和清晰，特别是当前后从句谓语动词性质差异较大（一个是状态has，一个是能力can perceive）时，保留第二个who是标准用法。

Suddenly she asked her father why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, and even described the way they were done up in bundles.

lock away 锁起来、藏起来

do up = tie up, wrap up 捆扎、包装(短语动词)

in bundles 成捆地

bring sth. to the notice of sb.= 让某人知道某事（通常指上级或官方）。引起……的注意，

scientific research institute(n. phrase): 科学研究机构

Ministry of Health(n. phrase): 卫生部。

stranger still(phrase): 更奇怪的是

stockings and slippers(n. phrase): 长筒袜和拖鞋

make out(phrasal verb): 辨认出，看清，理解。常见意思有“理解”、“假装”、“填写”、“亲吻”等。