创建SpringWeb项目（Spring2.0）

前言

开发工具：Eclipse, JDK：1.8

引入JAR包：

1 创建项目

Eclipse > File > new > web > Dynamic Web Project > 项目名

1.1 配置web.xml

WEB-INF/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value> <!-- <param-value>classPath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value> --> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <!-- <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>

1.2 配置springmvc-servlet.xml

WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> </beans>

1.3 配置applicationContext.xml

WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd"> </beans>

2 过滤器

WEB-INF/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> ... <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>

3 拦截器

WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" ...> <mvc:interceptors> <!-- 方式一：直接配置一个 Bean 类型的拦截器（拦截所有请求） --> <bean class="com.example.interceptor.PermissionInterceptor"/> <!-- 方式二：配置多个拦截器，并指定拦截路径 --> <mvc:interceptor> <!-- 需要拦截的路径 --> <mvc:mapping path="/**"/> <!-- 需要排除的路径（不拦截） --> <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/"/> <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/login"/> <!-- 拦截器类 --> <bean class="com.example.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/> </mvc:interceptor> <!-- 方式三：配置带参数的拦截器 --> <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/api/**"/> <bean class="com.example.interceptor.ApiInterceptor"> <property name="allowedIp" value="127.0.0.1"/> </bean> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors> </beans>

创建类PermissionInterceptor

package com.example.interceptor; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter; public class PermissionInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter { @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { response.getWriter().write("PermissionInterceptor Run"); return true; } }

创建类LoginInterceptor

package com.example.interceptor; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { System.out.println("preHandle执行了"); request.setAttribute("startTime", System.currentTimeMillis()); Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("user"); if (user == null) { response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/"); return false; // 终止 } return true; // 继续 } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { System.out.println("postHandle执行了"); if (modelAndView != null) { modelAndView.addObject("globalMsg", "请求成功"); } } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { System.out.println("afterCompletion执行了"); long startTime = (Long) request.getAttribute("startTime"); long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("运行时间" + (endTime - startTime) + "ms"); } }

创建类ApiInterceptor

package com.example.interceptor; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; public class ApiInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { private String allowedIp; public void setAllowedIp(String allowedIp) { this.allowedIp = allowedIp; } @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { String clientIp = request.getRemoteAddr(); if (!allowedIp.equals(clientIp)) { response.setStatus(400); response.getWriter().write("无法访问"); return false; } return true; } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3) throws Exception { } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception { } }

4 控制器

WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" ...> <bean name="/" class="com.example.controller.IndexController" /> <bean name="/login" class="com.example.controller.LoginController" /> <bean name="/logout" class="com.example.controller.LogoutController" /> </beans>

创建类LoginController

package com.example.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; public class LoginController implements Controller{ @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception { ModelAndView v = new ModelAndView(); if (username == null || username.isEmpty()) { v.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/Login.jsp"); } else { v.addObject("msg", "登录成功"); v.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/Home.jsp"); } return v; } }

创建类IndexController

package com.example.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; public class IndexController implements Controller{ @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception { ModelAndView v = new ModelAndView(); v.addObject("msg", "请登录"); v.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/Login.jsp"); return v; } }

创建类LogoutController

package com.example.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; public class LogoutController implements Controller{ @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception { req.getSession().invalidate(); ModelAndView v = new ModelAndView(); v.addObject("msg", "登出成功"); v.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/Login.jsp"); return v; } }

创建登录页面Login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <%= request.getAttribute("msg") %> <br/> 登录页面<br/> <form name="form1" action="/login" method="post"> <input type="text" name="user" /> <input type="password" name="password" /> <button>登录</button> </form> </body> </html>

创建首页Home.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> ${msg} <br/> <form action="/logout" method="post"> <button>logout</button> </form> </body> </html>

5 数据访问

创建表: create table user(username varchar(20) primary key, password varchar(20) not null);

登录数据：insert user values('zhangsan', '123456');

5.1 Mybatis配置文件

src/mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <mappers> <!-- 必须使用类路径格式 --> <mapper resource="com/example/mapper/LoginMapper.xml"/> </mappers> </configuration>

5.2 配置业务代码

(1) 创建Model（src/com/example/pojo/User.java）

package com.example.pojo; import lombok.Data; @Data public class User { private String username; private String password; }

(2) 创建Dao（src/com/example/mapper/LoginMapper.java）

package com.example.mapper; import java.util.List; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param; import com.example.pojo.User; @Mapper public interface LoginMapper { public User selectUserById(@Param("username") String username); public List<User> selectAllUsers(); public int insertUser(User user); public int updateUser(User user); public int deleteUser(@Param("username") String username); }

(3) 创建Mapper.xml（src/com/example/mapper/LoginMapper.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.example.mapper.LoginMapper"> <!-- 查询用户ById --> <select id="selectUserById" parameterType="String" resultType="com.example.pojo.User"> SELECT username, password FROM user WHERE username = #{username} </select> <!-- 查询所有用户 --> <select id="selectAllUsers" resultType="list"> SELECT username, password FROM user ORDER BY username ASC </select> <!-- 插入新用户 --> <insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com.example.pojo.User" > INSERT INTO user (username, password) VALUES (#{username}, #{password}) </insert> <!-- 更新用户信息 --> <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.example.pojo.User"> UPDATE user SET username = #{username}, password = #{password} WHERE username = #{username} </update> <!-- 删除用户 --> <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="long"> DELETE FROM user WHERE username = #{username} </delete> </mapper>

(4) 创建Service（src/com/example/service/LoginService）

package com.example.service; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.example.mapper.LoginMapper; import com.example.pojo.User; @Service @Transactional public class LoginService { @Autowired private LoginMapper dao; public User getUser(String username) { return dao.selectUserById(username); } }

5.3 配置applicationContext.xml

(1) 创建数据库连接信息（src/jdbc.properties）

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring2 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root

(2) 配置数据源（WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" ...> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> </beans>

(3) 配置事务控制（WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" ...> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> </beans>

(4) 配置注解驱动（WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" ...> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> </beans>

5.4 整合mybatis

WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" ...> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/> </bean> <bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.example.mapper"/> </bean> </beans>

5.5 扫描Bean

WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" ...> <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service" /> </beans>

5.6 访问数据

LoginController

package com.example.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; import com.example.pojo.User; import com.example.service.LoginService; public class LoginController implements Controller{ @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception { String username = req.getParameter("user"); ModelAndView v = new ModelAndView(); if (username == null || username.isEmpty()) { v.addObject("msg", "登录失败"); v.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/Login.jsp"); return v; } String webRoot = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/"); // 获取 Web 根目录 FileSystemXmlApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(webRoot + "WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml"); LoginService service = (LoginService)ctx.getBean("loginService"); ctx.close(); User user =service.getUser(username); if (user == null) { v.addObject("msg", "不存在用户"); v.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/Login.jsp"); } else { req.getSession().setAttribute("user", username); v.addObject("msg", "登录成功"); v.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/Home.jsp"); } return v; } }

6 效果演示

(1) 首页访问

(2) 未输入用户名登录

(3) 输入错误用户名登录

(4) 输入正确用户名登录

(5) 退出登录

(6) 未登录访问（自动退出）